1. BASICS OF ELECTROSURGERY
AMT ELECTROSURGERY
INTEGRATING SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE
BASICS OF ELECTROSURGERY

2. Basics of Electricity

3. Electrosurgial Principles
Current follows pathway of least resistance
Current always seeks to complete the circuit
As Resistance within the circuit increases, current flow decreases

4. Neromuscular Stimulation

5. Tissue Effects: Cutting Desiccation Fulguration Soft Coagulation
Bipolar
Argon Plasma Coagulation

6. Cutting Continuous high-frequency current Blended Current
Cause quick, clean cutting
Minimal Thermal Artifact
Blended Current
Combination of cutting and coagulation waveform characteristics
Moderate hemostasis

7. Desiccation (Forced Coag)
Contact Coagulation
Slow drying out of tissue
Varying degrees of thermal artifact
Causes eschar to form

8. Fulguration (Spray Coag)
Non contact
High Voltage
Electrical current arcs from electrode to tissue
Superficial

9. Soft Coagulation Contact Coagulation Low Voltage Continuous waveform
Non Sticking non charring
Reproducible

10. Bipolar Contact coagulation Low voltage Safer than monopolar
Non charring

11. Argon Plasma Coagulation
Non contact
Non Charring
Superficial

12. Argon Plasma Coagulation

13. Argon Plasma Coagulation

14. ESU’s Conventional Constant Voltage Hyfrecator
Argon Plasma Coagulation

15. Return Electrodes
Non CQMS
CQMS
Capacitive Pads

16. CQMS Technology

17. Capacitive Pad

18. Active Electrodes:
Monopolar
Pencils
Laparoscopic
Forceps
Bipolar

19. Troubleshooting
Operator Errors
System Errors
Accessory Failures

20. Buzzing a Hemostat
Good Practice?
How to do it safely

21. Surgical Staff Burns
How do they occur?
How to avoid them