1. ASTR 1101-001 Spring 2008 Joel E. Tohline, Alumni Professor 247 Nicholson Hall [Slides from Lecture28]

2. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

3. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

5. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

10. Mid-Atlantic Ridge Seafloor is spreading (hence, continents are separating) at rate of 3 cm per year!

12. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

15. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

17. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

19. Absorption & Radiation of Heat  T 4 = L sun /(4  d 2 ) d

20. Surface temperatures of Planets

21. Absorption & Radiation of Heat  T 4 = L sun /(4  d 2 ) d Result needs to be corrected for amount of radiation reflected and amount trapped.

22. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

24. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

27. Chapter 9: The Living Earth (Seismic) Studies of earthquakes reveal layered interior structure (§ 9-2) Continental drift, seafloor spreading, and plate tectonics (§ 9-3) Temperature and chemical composition of Earth’s atmosphere (and surface temperature) –Note differences among terrestrial planets –Balance between absorption & radiation of heat (§ 9-1) –Greenhouse effect (§ 9-1) –Atmosphere’s changed substantially over time (§ 9-5) –Impact of living organisms (§§ 9-5 and 9-7)

31. First Astronauts on the Moon