1. Ancient Rome Aqueducts Roads

2.  Complete the following statement:  An important contribution made by the ancient Romans to the modern world was ___________.  A. the English language  B. a system of written laws  C. the spread of Islam  D. the idea of city-states

3.  Roman Citizens  Plebeians: men who farmed, traded, and made things for a living.  Patricians: noble families  Republic: government in which citizens choose their leaders.  Citizens did not all have equal votes.  Lasted nearly 500 years  Written laws

6.  Rome was the leading power in the Mediterranean region.  Patricians and plebeians struggled for government control.  Slaves and conquered people revolted against Roman leaders.  How did peace replace war in Rome?  The story begins with Julius Caesar…

7.  Politician  59 B.C. – consul of Rome  Brilliant Military Commander  58 B.C. – set out to conquer Gaul  49 B.C. – led army into Italy and civil war began  War spread to Egypt. Joined forces with Cleopatra.

8.  “I came, I saw, I conquered.”  45 B.C. – returned to Rome and made himself dictator  Someone who rules with absolute power

9.  Reduced taxes  Built buildings  Gave land to his soldiers  Gave free grain to poor citizens  Created calendar (“July” in honor of Julius)  Increased number of people in Senate  Granted citizenship to more people

10.  Senators felt Caesar was destroying the traditions of Rome’s republican government by ruling as dictator.  “Beware the Ides of March”  44 B.C. – Caesar was stabbed to death in the Senate.

11.  Write three headlines you might see in a Roman newspaper.  Example: Military Hero Caesar Declares Himself “Dictator For Life.”

12.  Issue of gas prices increases in importance  Senate votes to repeal tax directive  Sources: Obama set to launch re-election bid  Street work will close Holdrege  Husker seniors honored at men’s basketball banquet  Who’s in, who’s out? NU learns conference football opponents for 2013-14.

13.  List 3 popular forms of recreation or entertainment for Romans.

14.  Pick up a piece of scratch paper from the counter. Write your answer to the following problem:  As the emperor, how would you govern and maintain an empire as large as Rome?

15.  Pick up your NOTEBOOK and the ENTRANCE TICKET.  Write Agree or Disagree for each statement.  Fill out your PLANNER.

16.  When people repeatedly view violence in different forms of entertainment (video games, tv shows, movies), they become hardened to it and are not upset by it.  Violence leads to violence, and if you watch it you will want to behave in a similar manner.  We glorify (elevate or praise) violence in our country.

17.  First emperor – 27 B.C.  Began the Pax Romana – “Roman Peace”  Great Changes – built magnificent cities and structures

19.  50,000 miles of roads linked the empire  Many still in use today  Single system of government and money  Written laws – protected all citizens  Modern laws and government based on this idea  Taxes  Census: count of all people living in a country, city, or other region.

20.  Aqueducts: canals that carried water to the cities from distant sources  Public baths

21.  Entertainment – gladiators, chariot races  Colosseum: largest and most famous stadium in Rome  Temples – honored gods and goddesses or emperors

22.  “Fear not; for, behold, I bring you good news of great joy…for to you is born in the city of David a Savior, who is Christ the Lord. And this will be a sign for you; you will find the babe wrapped in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger.”

24.  Some religious freedom – as long as you followed Roman law  A.D. 30 – Jesus of Nazareth began preaching  Put to death by the Romans  Followers, known as Christians, began spreading his teaching  Treated poorly by Roman emperors

25.  Constantine – Roman emperor who became a Christian  Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire

26.  Rome had become too large – divided in 2  East – Byzantine Empire  West – remained Rome  A.D. 476 – western Roman Empire collapsed

28.  Economic:  High taxes hurt people  Slavery caused unemployment  Political:  Civil wars  Government instability  Social:  Crime  Moral Decay  Military:  Citizens didn’t want to enlist in army

29.  The Last Word: Write a sentence beginning with each letter of the word ROME that describes Ancient Rome.  Write this on a piece of paper you can turn in!  R –  O –  M –  E -

30.  Government – Republic, Written Laws  Technology - Roads, Sanitation systems, Aqueducts  Architecture – Colosseum, Theaters, Temples  Language – many languages today, including English, use the Roman alphabet  Made Christianity the official religion – largest number of followers in the world today  Calendar  Welfare System

31.  Explain how the Roman empire declined.  Give at least three reasons.  You can use your notes and textbook pages 42-43 (“The Decline of Rome”) to help you.  Write in complete sentences.