1. Differing backgrounds, cultures, identities and personal beliefs have an impact on how we communicate. Can you give a few examples? In British culture, people who do not make eye contact maybe seen as untrustworthy or lacking in self esteem. In other parts of the world not making eye contact make indicate respect or sexual modesty. We may say to children: “Look at me when I am talking to you.” In other cultures this would be very disrespectful of the child. Communication between two educated, knowledgeable people will differ from that between an ‘expert’ and someone who is lacking in specialist knowledge or education. Personal space differs between cultures. We must be careful not to invade personal space and be understanding if we feel our space is being invaded. Some cultures are very respectful of authority figures and will not disagree with their opinions. As care workers, you could be seen as authority figures. Many people with little knowledge come with preconceived ideas. If this is apparent you’ll have to correct their thinking diplomatically and insure they have the correct information Individuals from some cultures will prefer to talk to members of their own sex.

2. How differences in communication arise Cultural Background Personality Levels of confidence Competence in communication skills

3. List a few of the things that make a good professional relationship. 1.Being open and honest with each other 2.Acknowledging the limitation of the relationship 3.Respecting different points of view 4.Being treated fairly 5.Listening carefully

4. What aspects of the professional relationship could be better? 1.Not being treated like a child 2.Having enough time to talk 3.Professional using simpler language

5. Summarize the difference between a professional relationship and a friendly or family relationship Professionals are paid Professional relationships are not friends Professional relationships have special reason and a focus for meeting Professional relationships only meet at certain times

6. How can you access support and services to enable effective communication? Support is available vial local authorities and services such as the NHS, education and children and families services National charities also give support and help such as ICAN, for speech and language needs and for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with the National Autistic Society The Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB) is another source for advice and assistance on advocacy, translation and interpretation Speech language and communication therapists (SLCTs): Practitioners who assess and treat speech, language and communication problems in people of all ages Language Service Professionals (LSPs) There are also translation and interpreter services for people with sensory impairment