1. ACID-BASE THEORIES Svante ArrheniusJohannes BrönstedThomas Lowry

2. Aim and Objectives Aim: How do you categorize a chemical? Objectives: 1.Students should be able to identify acids based on the Arrhenius and Alternate theories. 2.Students should be able to use the Reference Tables to identify acids and bases. 3.Students should know the properties of acids and bases.

3. Arrhenius Acid H + ion is the only positive ion in an aqueous solution. The H + ion is also called a __________. Why? Ex. HCl(l)  H + (aq) + Cl - (aq) The H + ion reacts with water to produce the__________________. Ex. H + (aq) + H 2 O(l)  H 3 O + (aq) Note: Not all substances that contain H are acids. Ex. CH 4

4. Arrhenius Base OH - ion is the only negative ion in an aqueous solution. NaOH  Na + + OH - [Typical Bases] NH 3 + H 2 O  NH 4 + + OH - [Ammonia] CH 3 NH 2 + H 2 O  CH 3 NH 3 + + OH - [Amines]

5. Alternate Acid/Base Theory Acids are proton donors. [AD] Bases are proton acceptors. Take into consideration the forward and reverse reactions. HCl + H 2 O ↔ H 3 O + + Cl - FWD Reaction: Acid = HCl because it gives up an H +, Base = H 2 O because it accepts the H +. REV Reaction: Acid = ________, Base = _________

6. Acid Base Review Table Characteristic AcidBase Taste Electrolyte? Litmus Phenolphthalein React with Metals to Produce H 2 ? Arrhenius Theory Alternate Theory

7. Regents Questions HW: OB: Topic 9: Acids and Bases Q 1-3, 5, 24-27, 32, 36

8. Aim: How do we categorize a chemical? Acids and bases are categorized by…