1. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System Bellringer: 1.) Write today’s objective, activities, and homework on unit planner. 2.) Write the answer to the following as your bellringer: List as many song titles, phrases, and slogans that contain the word heart as you can.

2. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system is also known as the circulatory system. Cardiovascular system is made up of the heart blood vessels blood

3. Circulation

4. - The Body’s Transport System The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells. In addition, blood contains cells that fight disease. For example, blood carries oxygen from your lungs to your other body cells. Blood also transports the glucose your cells use to produce energy. The blood also carries carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it is exhaled.

5. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart The heart is a hollow, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body. Each time the heart beats, it pushes blood throughout the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system.

6. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart The right side of the heart is completely separated from the left side by a wall of tissue called the septum.

7. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart Each side has an upper chamber, or atrium. These are called the right atrium and left atrium. Each atrium receives blood that comes into the heart… the right atrium receives blood from the body while the left atrium receives blood from the lungs.

8. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart Each side has a lower chamber, or ventricle. These are called the right ventricle and left ventricle. Each ventricle pumps blood out of the heart, the right ventricle pumping blood to the lungs and the left ventricle pumping blood to all other parts of the body.

9. Circulation Heart Activity Click the Active Art button to open a browser window and access Active Art about the heart. - The Body’s Transport System

10. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart As blood flows out of the heart and toward the lungs, it passes through a flap of tissue, known as a valve, like the one here. The valve prevents blood from flowing backward.

11. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System The Heart Located in the right atrium is a group of heart cells called the pacemaker, which sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract. This adjusts the speed of the heart beat. When muscle cells in the ventricles contract, the exert a force on the blood.

12. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System Bellringer: 1.) Write today’s objective, activities, and homework on unit planner. 2.) Using yesterday’s notes, write the answer to the following as your bellringer: Each time the heart beats, what does it do to the blood? 3.) Define key terms on page 534. 4.) Fill in details on Heart Diagram.

13. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System Bellringer: 1.) Write today’s objective, activities, and homework on unit planner. 2.) Using vocabulary, write the answer to the following as your bellringer: Name the three kinds of blood vessels. 3.) Have vocabulary ready to be checked!

14. Circulation - The Body’s Transport System Two Loops Blood circulates through the body in two loops, with the heart at the center. In the first loop, blood travels from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart. In the second loop, blood is pumped from the heart throughout the body and then returns to the heart.

15. Circulation Right side of heart Lungs Left side of heart Body - The Body’s Transport System Pathway of Blood

16. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Blood Vessels The walls of arteries and veins have three layers. The innermost layer is made up of epithelial cells. The middle layer is mostly muscle tissue and the outer wall is made up of flexible connective tissue.

17. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Arteries Arteries carry blood away from the heart. Pulse is caused by the expanding and narrowing of artery walls. When you count pulse beats, you are also counting heartbeats. Arteries control the amount of blood that different organs receive.

18. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Capillaries In the capillaries, materials are exchanged between the blood and the body’s cells. Diffusion is one of the ways this happens.

19. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Veins Veins carry blood back to the heart. Veins get help… Contraction of nearby skeletal muscles Valves that prevent blood from flowing backward Breathing movements that squeeze veins in the chest

20. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Artery and Vein In this photo, you can compare the wall of an artery with the wall of a vein. Artery… The walls of arteries are very thick and consist of three layers Vein… Although the walls of veins also consist of three layers, they are much thinner than the walls of arteries. ARTERY VEIN

21. Circulation - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels Blood Pressure Blood pressure is the pressure that blood exerts against the walls of blood vessels. As blood moves away from the heart, the blood pressure decreases. sphygmomanometer

22. Circulation Calculating a Rate A rate is the speed at which something happens. When you calculate a rate, you compare the number of events with the time period in which they occur. Here’s how to calculate the pulse rate of a person whose heart beats 142 times in two minutes. 1. Write the comparison as a fraction: 2. Divide the numerator and the denominator by 2: The person’s pulse rate is 71 heartbeats per minute. - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels

23. Circulation Calculating a Rate Practice Problem Calculate your pulse rate if your heart beats 170 times in 2.5 minutes. 68 beats per minute - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels

24. Circulation Blood VesselFunctionStructure of Wall Comparing and Contrasting Artery Carries blood away from the heart Thick wall consisting of three cell layers with thick muscle in the middle layer Capillary Exchange of materials between the blood and body cells Thin walls consisting of one cell layer Vein Carries blood back to the heart Thick walls consisting of three cell layers with thin muscle in the middle layer - A Closer Look at Blood Vessels

25. Circulation End of Section: A Closer Look at Blood Vessels

26. Circulation - Blood and Lymph Blood Blood consists of liquid plasma and three kinds of cells—red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

27. Circulation - Blood and Lymph Blood Types The marker molecules on your red blood cells determine your blood type and the type of blood that you can safely receive in transfusions.

28. Circulation Blood Type Distribution The circle graph shows the percentage of each blood type found in the U.S. population. - Blood and Lymph

29. Circulation Blood Type Distribution The percentage of each blood type found in the United States population Reading Graphs: What does each edge of the graph represent? - Blood and Lymph

30. Circulation Blood Type Distribution AB (4%), B (11%), A (40%), O (45%) Interpreting Data: Rank the four major blood types—A, B, AB, and O— from least common to most common. What is the percentage of each type? - Blood and Lymph

31. Circulation Blood Type Distribution 84%; 16% Calculating: According to the graph, what percentage of the population is Rh positive? What percentage is Rh negative? - Blood and Lymph

32. Circulation Blood Type Distribution O negative or B negative blood; 9% Predicting: What type of blood can someone who is B negative (blood type B and Rh negative) receive? What percentage of the population does that represent? - Blood and Lymph

33. Circulation Blood Type Distribution The data should be arranged in three columns and eight rows. Creating Data Tables: Use the data to make a table of the eight possible blood types. Include columns for the A, B, AB, and O blood types; Rh factor (positive or negative); and percentage of the population. - Blood and Lymph

34. Circulation - Blood and Lymph The Lymphatic System The lymphatic system is a network of veinlike vessels that returns the fluid to the bloodstream.

35. Circulation Identifying Main Ideas As you read the section titled “Blood,” write the main idea in a graphic organizer like the one below. Then write four supporting details that give examples of the main idea. Blood is made up of four components. Plasma is the liquid part of blood. Red blood cells take up oxygen and deliver it to cells in the body. White blood cells fight disease. Main Idea Platelets help form blood clots. Detail - Blood and Lymph

36. Circulation Blood Click the Video button to watch a movie about blood. - Blood and Lymph

37. Circulation Links on Blood Click the SciLinks button for links on blood. - Blood and Lymph

38. Circulation End of Section: Blood and Lymph

39. Circulation Asking Questions Before you read, preview the red headings. In a graphic organizer like the one below, ask a what or how question for each heading. As you read, write answers to your questions. What are some cardiovascular diseases? Cardiovascular diseases include atherosclerosis and hypertension. How can a person keep healthy? Exercise regularly, eat a healthy diet, and avoid smoking. Question Answer Cardiovascular Health - Cardiovascular Health

40. Circulation Links on Cardiovascular Problems Click the SciLinks button for links on cardiovascular problems. - Cardiovascular Health

41. Circulation End of Section: Cardiovascular Health

42. Circulation Graphic Organizer Loop Right side Loop One Loop Two Side of Heart Where Loop Starts Where Blood Flows to Where Blood Returns to Left side LungsLeft atrium BodyRight atrium

43. Circulation End of Section: Graphic Organizer