1. Physical Science

2.  1. Identify the Problem 2. Formulate Testable Hypothesis 3.Design & Conduct experiment 4.Analyze Data 5.Develop Conclusion Components of Scientific Inquiry

3.   Identify the Problem  Make observations using five senses  Collect information  Develop a question you can test  *A scientist observed 2 cows. One fed corn and one fed hay and one just grass. He wondered which diet affects cow growth?  *Question for experiment*  Which food causes the cows to grow the fastest? 1. Identify the Problem

4.  Observation/Research Observation/Research: Make observations and research your topic of interest.

5.   Could be an If/Then statement  Must relate to independent and dependent variable  * hypothesis*  If I feed the cow only corn then it will grow the fastest. 2. Formulate a Testable Hypothesis

6.   List materials needed  Make sure procedure is valid  Experiment is not biased (one sided)  Identify Variables : IV, DV, constants, control  Record observations  Collect Data  Multiple trials 3. Design and Conduct Experiment

7.   2 kinds 1.Independent Variable/Manipulated Variable  the factor the experimenter adjusts ( what “I” change) 2.Dependent Variable/Responding  the result (data your collecting) Variables

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9.   Constants = what needs to stay the same to make the experiment valid  Control = ‘the original’ unchanged test subject that the IV is compared to Variables

10.   Quantitative: numbers, counting, or measuring  Qualitative: Descriptive, characteristics that cannot be counted  Organize data into charts, graphs and tables  Identify if the data supports the hypothesis  In a lab report you explain what you see in your graphs, charts and tables into complete sentences (shows your understanding of the data gathered) 4. Analyzing Data

11.   Qualitative: The solution was blue and turned yellow The desk tables are black The tile floor is white  Quantitative: Cows weighed 500 lbs There were 3 cows A tree is 8 meters high There are 27 students in class Types of Data

12.   Must always have a title, axis labeled, key if needed  Could be: Bar Graph, Line Graph (single or multi – line) or Pie Graphs-type of graph depends on your data  Pie graphs = parts of a whole (percentages)  Line graphs = changes over time  Bar graphs = comparisons (usually have categories  X-axis is the IV (unless multi-line) and Y-axis is the DV  DRY MIX Tables and Graphs

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14.   Clear, concise statement based on results  Restate the hypothesis  Accept/reject the hypothesis and explain why  Communicate results  Identify sources of error  Determine the need for further research  Over a three week period, the cow fed the corn gained more weight than the cow eating grass and the cow eating hay. Hypothesis supported. 5. Develop a Conclusion

15.   Materials:  3 Cows (same age, same gender, same breed)  Different Types of Food: Corn and Hay  Water  Control – Cow eating grass  Constants –age, gender, breed, size of enclosure etc.  IV-food type  DV-size of cows  Record observations and collect data  Quantitative & Qualitative  Multiple trials Experiment Example

16.   Theory = explanation for a wide range of observations  Ex: Neonatal homing in sharks, sharks will return to the place of their birth to have pups  Inference = conclusion based on evidence and reasoning, “educated guess” Theory/Inference