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Organizational Reforms Gaston Sorgho, Harvard School of Public Health Reproductive Health and Health Sector Reform
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Organizational Reforms: Session Objectives To identify key aspects of organizational reforms; To discuss impact on reproductive health delivery; To relate to country settings.
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Types of Reform Financial & Resources Allocation Provider Payments, Incentives & Motivation Organizational Change Laws and Regulation Promoting Healthy Behaviors
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Reform Types - System Goals Effi- ciency QualityEquity Client response Sustain -ability Financing 444 Providers Payment 444 Organisa- tional Ch. 44444 Regula- tion 44 Promoting H.B. 444
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Organization Structure decision making technical expertise Functional Planning facilities equipment commodities personnel
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What is the problem ?
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RH Goals: What was expected ? Client centered Integrated services Efficient Response to changes Motivated providers ……
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What is the Problem ? Results Poor management of RH services Services not client-oriented Limited range or options Priority to providers convenience Demotivated providers Insufficient responsiveness to client needs ……...
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Organizational Effects Process Outcomes Organization- al structure
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Process - Outcomes
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Challenge Organizational Reform
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Organizational Vehicle Optimal service delivery Accountability to clients Performance oriented behavior
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Organizational Reform Challenge - RH Changes needed in providers organization & management performance oriented behavior accountability to clients
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Clients Clients Clients Service Providers District Regional HQ Private Sector 1234512345 Running Health Business
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MOH / HQ Technical leadership Procurement Provision Information system Financing Regulation Service Provider Staffing Training Policy Budgeting Evaluation Auditing
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From the Big Elephant to…
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Reforming MOH Organization 3. Separation of finance from provision 1. District model 2. New public-sector management
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1. Health District Model
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District hospital & staff Satellite health clinics handed over responsibilities
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Ministry of Health Health Centers Health Staff District Administrator District Health Team Ministry of Education District Education Directorate Schools Teachers Administration Staff Ministry of Interior Centralized Structure
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Ministry of Health Health Centers Health Staff District Administrator District Health Team Ministry of Education District Education Directorate Schools Teachers Administration Staff Ministry of Interior Deconcentrated MOH
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Devolution Health District Health Team Other Ministry Services Education District Directorate Ministry of Interior Ministry of Education Ministry of Health District Council
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Discussion : what are the benefits and risks of deconcentration and devolution for reproductive health care?
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2. New Public-Sector Management
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Clients Clients Clients Service Providers District Regional HQ Private Sector 1234512345 From: health system organization
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To: client-centered organization Regional Districts Service Providers HQ CLIENTS 1234512345
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What are the characteristics of NGO’s / private organizational structures ?
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Private Service Provision Services meet client needs rather than bureaucracy needs rather than cripples providers Organized structure so it supports
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Micro - structure resources/staff management targets setting managers accountability l impact from ‘ inside ’ results-oriented policy
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New Public Sector management u Accountability for performance u Greater autonomy 4 performance monitoring and evaluation 4 annual personnel performance agreements 4 performance-related budgeting
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3. Separation of Financing from Provision
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Macro - structure legal and market conditions monopoly / competition impact from ‘ outside ’
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Financing - Provision SharePublicPrivate Policy Financing Provision Regulation Information
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Private For Profit Family Planning Services For-Profit Sources Latin American & Caribbean 46 % Middle East & North Africa 44 % Sub-Saharan Africa 27 % Asia (non-China/India) 26 %
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Organizational Reforms Macro structure impact from ‘ outside ’ Micro structure impact fom ‘ inside ’ Performance Acountability
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Organization’s Authority hire & fire staff AuthorityNo authority Typical Public NGO, Mission, Private Profit build new structures change profile of services decide on user charge policy drug/supply policy
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Organizational Reforms Decentralization Power Transfer W HO? WHAT ? HOW New W HO?
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