1. The Russian Revolution, 1917 Causes and Effects Lenin addresses a crowd

2.  Widespread discontent-all classes  Agitation from revolutionaries  Weak leadership of Tsar Nicholas II  Defeat in Russo Japanese War, 1905  Bloody Sunday, 1905  Losses in WWI Causes of the 1917 Russian Revolution Demonstrators march on Winter Palace, 1905

3. The Russian Revolution-Causes and Effects  Demonstrations in Petrograd  Abdication of Tsar Nicholas (March)  Growing power of local councils (soviet), especially the Petrograd Soviet  Lenin’s return to Russia (April)  Army Order Number 1 issued (May)  Agrarian upheaval (Summer)  Alexander Kerensky becomes Prime Minister (July)  Failure of provisional government  Bolshevik takeover under Lenin (Nov) Russian Revolution of 1917 Nicholas II, March 1917, shortly after the revolution brought about his abdication.

4. Effects of the 1917 Russian Revolution  Peace w/ Germany- Treaty of Brest Litovsk (1918)  Civil War (1918-1920)  Russian economy in ruins  Trotsky effectively reorganizes the military  Use of Cheka  Ineffective Allied aid to Whites  Bolshevik victory in civil war & control of gov’t " Mount your horses, workers and peasants! The Red Cavalry is the guarantee of victory."

5. How did each of the following events help the Bolsheviks gain and hold political control?  March Revolution 1917  Forced tsar to abdicate – allowed Duma to set up provisional gov’t.  October (Bolshevik) Revolution 1917  Toppled provisional gov’t, gave power to Bolsheviks  Civil War between the Red and White Armies  Caused millions of deaths, showed that Bolsheviks able to maintain power and crush opposition What role did each of the following individuals play in the Russian Revolution?  Karl Marx  Ideas formed basis for revolutionary gov’t  V.I. Lenin  Led Bolshevik revolution  Leon Trotsky  Commanded Red army and helped negotiate Treaty of Brest Litovsk

6. How did each of the following events help the Bolsheviks gain and hold political control?  March Revolution 1917  October Revolution 1917  Civil War between the Red and White Armies What role did each of the following individuals play in the Russian Revolution?  Karl Marx  V.I. Lenin  Leon Trotsky Answer the following: