1. Russian Revolution 1917-1924

2. PG 68 Intro: Copy the following terms and definitions. Czar: Russian emperor Autocracy: Absolute rule by a single appointed ruler Socialism: A system that advocates the state's ownership of land, industry and capital. Communism is a branch of socialism. Marxist: Following the teachings of Karl Marx Civil war: A war between citizens of the same country. Communism: An economic and political system in which property and goods are owned by the government and products are shared by all. Dictator: A ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force. Russification: spread of Russian culture Obj 3/26/14: SW determine the cause and effect of political revolutions in Europe.

3. Why Were the People Revolting? 85% of people were peasants Under the last Czar’s leadership- Nicholas II Causes: 1) Lost Russo-Japanese War 2) Bloody Sunday 1905 - St. Petersburg - Army opened fire on peaceful protesters asking for better working conditions 3) Lost 2 mill Russians in WWI -not ready for battle, lacked supplies

4. Causes of the Russian Revolution

5. 2 Revolutions March 1917 Czar loses power Workers rise up Led by Alexander Kerensky November 1917- Bolshevik Revolution Led by Vladimir Lenin He was a Socialist/Marxist His people were called Bolsheviks Lenin had Nicolas II family executed

6. Peace, Land, and Bread A promise by Lenin to the people Peace= withdrew from WWI and gave up some land Land and Bread= Lenin divided up farms and factories –upset the wealthy (Kulaks) This led to a civil war

7. Peace, Land, and Bread

8. Analyze the Cartoon 1.Who is the person in the cartoon? 2.What is he doing?

9. Russian Civil War 1918-1921 Bolshevik Red Army vs. White Army Fighting, famine, disease led to 10-15 million deaths Red army, led by Lenin, won civil war The Bolshevik Party becomes the Communist Party – Bolshevik means “of the majority”

10. Communist Party Countries of the world now (red) or previously (orange) which were led by communist (Marxist- Leninist) governments

11. Communist Party Beliefs Central banking system Government controlled education Government controlled labor Government ownership of transportation and communication vehicles Government ownership of agricultural means and factories Total abolition of private property Property rights confiscation Heavy income tax on everyone Elimination of rights of inheritance Regional planning

12. USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics – AKA Soviet Union A nation of Eurasia from 1922-1991 Was world’s most powerful Communist country Made up of 15 republics – controlled by central government Russification=spread of Russian culture

13. The Sound of Stalin

14. REVIEW Video

15. Animal Farm Animal Farm is an allegorical novel by George Orwell Satire on the corrupting influence of power The book reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalin era in the Soviet Union.

16. Synopsis A successful farmyard revolution by the resident animals vs. the farmer goes horribly wrong when corrupt pigs hijack it for their personal gain.

17. Animal Farm Comparison