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Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Ligaments by Amy L. Ladd, Julia Lee, and Elisabet Hagert J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 94(16):1468-1477 August 15, 2012 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Diagrams showing the topography of the distal trapezial joint surface, as redrawn from computed tomography (CT) surface rendering of a normal right hand. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Photographs showing the dorsal thumb carpometacarpal ligaments as seen from the dorsal aspect of the thumb (Fig. 2-A) and from a volar view within the joint (Fig. 2-B), illustrating the three ligaments of the stout dorsal deltoid ligament complex, including... Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Photographs showing the thin volar ligaments of the thumb carpometacarpal joint. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Photograph showing the ulnar thumb carpometacarpal ligaments from the dorsal view, with the thumb in abduction. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Histological appearance of the dorsal radial ligament (Figs. 5-A and 5-C) and the anterior oblique ligament (Figs. 5-B and 5-D) as stained with hematoxylin and eosin (Figs. 5-A and 5-B) and DAPI (Figs. 5-C and 5-D). Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Line graph showing the distribution of mean ligament cell counts in each of the five carpometacarpal ligaments from five specimens. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Mixed-effects linear regression with simultaneous pairwise comparisons of the mean differences in ligament cellularity between the five carpometacarpal ligaments. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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Overview of the ligament composition in a dorsal radial ligament sample as seen with use of a triple-staining immunofluorescence technique. Amy L. Ladd et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2012;94:1468-1477 ©2012 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
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