1. The Executive Branch The President as Commander-in Chief, head of state, government, and The President as Commander-in Chief, head of state, government, and party party Emergency powers Emergency powers Appointment power Appointment power (government positions) (government positions) Veto power—and the threat of using it Veto power—and the threat of using it Foreign policy, treaty proposal, and executive agreements Foreign policy, treaty proposal, and executive agreements Executive orders (delegated powers) Executive orders (delegated powers)

3. Further Presidential Powers Budget proposal (OMB) Budget proposal (OMB) Pardons Pardons Stature (the power to persuade) Stature (the power to persuade) Patronage Patronage Staffing (kitchen cabinet)Staffing (kitchen cabinet) Department, agencyDepartment, agency heads (official cabinet)heads (official cabinet)

4. Executive Office of the President Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Council of Economic Advisors Council of Economic Advisors National Security Council (NSC) National Security Council (NSC)

5. Presidential Dynamics Mandate to govern Mandate to govern The permanent campaign The permanent campaign The rally effect The rally effect Incumbency and reelection Incumbency and reelection