1. Ch. 3: Colonial Society in the 18th Century Claire Gaposchkin

2. Claim Despite English influence on the colonies they developed their own character as they matured in the eighteenth century that led to the American Revolution

3. Developing Colonies dramatic population growth European immigrants attracted by the fertile land and steady food supply that led to large colonial families African slaves were the majority in some Southern states growth of industry and farms (economy still restricted by England) industry focused in the North farming primarily in the South (plantations with cash crops) and Middle Colonies (corn and wheat)

4. English Influence Architecture (Georgian) Painting- some artists studied in England/Europe, those who didn’t created their own ‘American’ style most governors appointed by the crown, lower house elected by the people (English government) lower house of the legislature decided on taxes the economy was limited by England (use of hard money, exclusive trade, couldn’t compete)

5. Georgian House in Salisbury, England King-Atkinson House, VA, circa 1790s Georgian Architecture

6. European-Inspired Art Death of General Wolfe, Benjamin West

7. Watson and the Shark, John Singleton Copley

8. Primitive Portraits Portrait of Elizabeth Campbell circa 1750, Joseph Badger Portrait of the young Dart from Charleston, SC, circa 1765, Jeremiah Theus

9. American Character the immigrants brought culture/traditions and religion that altered the majority English culture Pennsylvania Dutch (German immigrants)- noticeable to this day (donuts, funnel cake, angel food cake) the many different religions led to religious tolerance social mobility (except for African-Americans) NO hereditary aristocracy if people worked hard they could advance themselves, could become physicians, lawyers, or ministers

10. The Great Awakening Great Awakening- 1730s-40s increased religious fervor through sermons, outdoor services, and traveling ministers distinctly American affect people making their own decisions led to democratization and dissatisfaction with the crown call for separation of church and state (Anglican church fundamentally connected to the state) increased religious tolerance and diversity

12. George Whitefield

13. Communication The boom in the newspaper industry allowed colonists to spread their own ideas ex. Benjamin Franklin in the Pennsylvania Gazette writers like Thomas Paine, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson could spread their ideas travel and transport over land becomes more popular more taverns emerge the postal service continues to grow

14. The Zenger Case John Zenger was accused of writing libel about the governor of New York, however he was acquitted because it was the truth broke with English law, showing its limited power in the colonies separated the colonies from the English aristocracy and royal power set a precedent for freedom of the press

15. Freedoms religious freedom/tolerance (immigrants, Great Awakening) somewhat freedom of the press speech/communication encouraged (news, post) social and economic mobility Democracy choosing one’s religion social mobility (not an aristocratic society) to some extent choosing one’s government England limited the economy