1. Connective Tissues

2. Connective Tissue Makes up part of every organ in the body
Unique tissue because it has a extracellular matrix which separates the cells in this tissue.

3. Functions
Encloses and Separates: form capsules around organs, forms layers that separate tissues and organs.
Connecting tissues to one another: tendons = attach muscle to bones, ligaments = hold bones to bones.
Supporting and moving: bones, semiridged cartilage supports nose, ears and surfaces of joints.
Storing: adipose tissue stores high-energy molecules and bones store minerals

4. Functions
Cushioning and insulating: Adipose tissues cushions and protects surrounding tissues, insulates layer beneath skin (conserves heat).
Transporting: blood transports substances throughout the body
Protecting: immune cells and blood provide protection against toxins and tissue injury.

5. Extracellular Matrix
This matrix gives connective tissue types the ability to do their job. For example: the extracellular matrix allows bones and cartilage to bear weight.
Provides support and anchorage for cells.

6. Components of Extracellular Matrix
3 major components
Protein Fibers
Ground substance
Fluid
Protein Fibers in Matrix:
Collagen fibers: proteins. Looks like a microscopic rope.
Reticular fibers: very fine collagen fibers, short and thin
Elastic fibers: contain the protein, elastin. Elastin looks like tiny coiled springs.

7. Cells involved in Maintaining Connective Tissues
Suffixes for cells involved in making, maintaining and destroying the extracellular matrix:
Blasts = create matrix
Cytes = maintain the matrix
Clasts = breaks down matrix for remodeling
Prefixes = name of tissue
Example: chondrocytes = chondro- is cartilage and -cyte is to maintain the matrix. Chondrocytes maintain cartilage.

8. Types of Connective Tissue

9. Mesenchyme Location: Embryonic Tissue Structure: Irregularly shaped
Function: Form connective tissues as well as muscle, & blood vessels.

10. Mucous Location: Umbilical cords of newborns
Structure: Mesenchymal tissue Irregularly shaped
Function: Connects fetus to mother

11. Loose or Areolar
Location: Under epithelial tissue. Packing material between muscles, nerves and glands.
Structure: Cells within a network of collagen fibers.
Function: Packing, support and provide nutrients.

12. Dense Regular Collagenous
Location: Tendons and Ligaments
Structure: Collagen fibers running in mostly the same direction.
Function: Withstands pulling, has great strength and stretch resistance.

13. Dense Regular Elastic Tissue
Location: Ligaments between vertebrae & vocal cords
Structure: Collagen and elastin fibers run in same direction
Function: Like rubber bands – stretches and recoils in the direction of fibers.

14. Dense Irregular Collagenous
Location: Dermis of the skin. Surrounds organs.
Structure: Collagen fibers run in all directions
Function: Stretching skin, can handle stretching in all directions

15. Bone

16. Bone

17. Cartilage: Hyaline

18. Cartilage: Hyaline

19. Cartilage: Fibrocartilage

20. Adipose Tissue

21. Reticular Connective Tissue

22. Blood