1. Eric Niederhoffer SIU-SOM How are CO 2, NO, and O 2 processed and transported? A 40-year-old man complains of progressive exertional shortness of breath A 4-year-old African boy is brought in by his adoptive parents who say that he has pain in his limbs and does not want to walk How is heme synthesized?

2. Small Molecule Processing and Transport CO 2 processing and transport carbonic anhydrase, anion exchanger, carbamate formation, Bohr effect NO processing and transport glutathione O 2 processing and transport hemoglobin/myoglobin structure, allostery, cooperativity Heme synthesis pathway, disorders

3. CO 2 Processing and Transport CO 2 H2OH2O CA H 2 CO 3 H + Hb Hb(O 2 ) 4 O2O2 HCO 3 - O2O2 HbNH 2 HbNH-CO 2 - H+H+ +++ ++ from tissues to tissuesplasma Cl - AE1 CO 2 H2OH2O CA H 2 CO 3 H + Hb Hb(O 2 ) 4 O2O2 HCO 3 - O2O2 HbNH 2 HbNH-CO 2 - H+H+ +++ ++ to air from airplasma Cl - AE1 Percent Distribution of CO 2 SpeciesArterialVenous Carbamino530 HCO 3 - 8760 CO 2 dissolved 810

4. NO Processing and Transport http://www.comprehensivephysiology.com/WileyCDA/CompPhysArticle/refId-c090009.html

5. Hemoglobin Structure Changes http://www.mfi.ku.dk/PPaulev/chapter8/images/8-3.jpg

6. Factors Affecting Binding of O 2 Depends on pH ([H + ]), CO 2, BPG, Temp

7. Factors Affecting Binding of O 2 Adaptation Figures from http://www.wiley.com/college/voet/047119350X/image_gallery /ch10/index.html

8. Heme Synthesis mit SCoA + Gly 5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase 5ALA PBG Porphobilinogen synthase PBG deaminase Hydroxymethylbilane Uroporphyrinogen III synthase UPGIII UPGIII decarboxylase CPGIII Coproporphyrinogen oxidase PPGIX PPIX Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Ferrochelatase Heme Pb

9. Review Questions How are CO 2 and NO processed and transported? How are myoglobin and hemoglobin similar and different? What portion of hemoglobin is involved in small molecule transport? What allosteric effectors bind hemoglobin? How do allosteric effectors produce left and right shifts of the hemoglobin-O 2 binding curves? How is heme synthesized? How is heme synthesis regulated?