1. Chapter 6

2. A citizen’s list of rights The Anti-Federalists fought for it We probably would not have a Constitution today had the Framers not agreed to add the Bill of Rights to the amendments

3. The Bill of Rights drew from the: Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, and State Constitutions

4. June 1788- Constitution ratified by required 9 states June 1789-James Madison proposes a bill of rights August 1789- Congress begins preparing a debating a list of constitutional amendments Sept. 1789-Congress approves the amendments and proposes to the states December 1791-The first ten amendments, AKA, The Bill of Rights, ratified by the states

5. Proposed by Congress by a 2/3 vote in both houses. Ratified by state legislatures of ¾ of the states. Ratified by conventions held in ¾ of the states. Proposed by Convention called by Congress on request of 2/3 of state legislatures. Ratified by state legislatures of ¾ of the states. Ratified by conventions held in ¾ of the states.

6. All amendments we have today have been proposed by Congress It takes a long time to go through the process because broad support is needed The formal process occurs in Congress or a Convention

7. Protect citizens’ rights against actions by the national government Many Americans today take rights for granted Imagine being jailed for your religious beliefs! Imagine the government telling you what to watch and read! Basic Rights Protected Under Our Government: 1. Individual freedoms 2. Protections against government abuse of power 3. Rights of citizens accused of crimes

8. Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of assembly Freedom of petition

9. 1. Religion-you can practice the religion of your choosing or none at all 2. Speech- you can speak and write freely; except slander or lies that damage another’s reputation, endangering lives 3. Press- people may criticize the government without fearing arrest; limits include libel, printing lies about others, endangering lives 4. Assembly- right to assemble or meet together 5. Petition- ask the government for help

10. Second Amendment Protects the right to possess firearms Stems from the American Revolution Third Amendment The government may not require people to house soldiers during peacetime Stems from colonial period when still under English control.

11. Fourth Amendment Protects from unreasonable search and seizures Fifth Amendment Government must pay owners a fair price for their property under eminent domain

12. Fifth Amendment: No one may be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law The Miranda Warning Accused rights explained Where did this come from? Miranda v. Arizona You may not be forced to be a witness against yourself (self-incrimination) Double Jeopardy protection

13. Sixth Amendment Right to a trial by jury in criminal cases Seventh Amendment Right to a trial by jury in most civil cases Eighth Amendment Prohibits excessive bail, fines, or punishments

14. Ninth Amendment Rights not mentioned in the Constitution belong to the people Tenth Amendment Declares that powers not given to the national government belong to the states or the people