1. A Government of Canada Perspective on Aboriginal Peoples Presentation to the Retired Heads of Mission Association July 15, 2015

2. Planned Expenditure Breakdown Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada 2013-14 Main Estimates – Total $7,975 million Figures may not add due to rounding Education ($1,761) Capital Facilities and Maintenance ($1,218) Key Areas Social Services ($1,510) Economic Development ($254) Independent Assessment Process ($692) Claims, Self-Government and Indian Government Support ($1,608) Contaminated Sites / Environmental Management ($246) Other Smaller Programs / Internal Services ($686) (millions of dollars) AANDC Expenditures

3. "First Nations peoples" refers to Indian peoples in Canada, both Status and non-Status o Status Indian: A person registered as an Indian under the Indian Act o Non-Status Indian: An Indian person who is not registered as an Indian under the Indian Act Inuit: Aboriginal people in Northern Canada, living primarily in Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Northern Quebec and Northern Labrador. The word “Inuit” means "people" in Inuktitut (Inuit language). Métis: people of mixed First Nation and European ancestry who identify as Métis, as distinct from First Nations, Inuit or non-Aboriginal people. 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) The Aboriginal population is 1.4 million and growing substantially faster than the rest of the Canadian population Today, the Aboriginal population is young and growing...

4. 70% of reserves have less than 500 inhabitants... and by the distinctive reserve land base.

5. Since 1976, 26 Modern Treaties (Comprehensive Land Claim Agreements) have been signed covering 40% of Canada’s land mass Modern claims are now being settled...

6. The map of Canada has been shaped by historic treaties...

7. Additional Demographic Information: Socio-Economic Conditions *A household is considered crowded if there are more than 1.0 person per room Median income / reliance on government transfer as a major source (age 15+) Household crowding* / housing units requiring major repair 31.4% non- completion High School (age 13-17) Labour Market Rates (age 25-64) $17,120 44.7% reliance 6.7% overall, (13.1% on reserve and 3.4% off reserve) 22.8% units need major repair (39.7% on reserve and 14.4% off reserve) Métis (418,380) 20.4% non- completion 78.3% participation 71.6% employment 8.5% unemployment $26,629 26.8% reliance 1.3% 12.1% Inuit (59,115) 59% non- completion 17.3% unemployment, 70.9% participation, 58.6% employment $20,945 35.8% reliance 15.6% 25.1% Non-Status (213,900) $22,605 32.1% reliance 1.4% 13.2% 73.9% participation 67% employment 9.4% unemployment Child poverty rates up to 50% among First Nations on reserve and 27% for Métis, Inuit, and Non-Status (Centre for Policy Alternatives, 2006) 66.5% participation 55.1% employment 17.2% unemployment Non-Aboriginal 10.1% non- completion 80.6% participation 75.8% employment 6% unemployment $30,195 25.6.8% reliance 1.9% 6.9% 30.2% non- completion off reserve, 58% on Registered Indians (679,510)