1. The History of Psychology Psychology Period 7 Mr. Merrill No- you don’t have to take notes…yet Just listen…for now…

2. Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology In India, Buddha wondered how sensations and perceptions combined to form ideas.

3. Prescientific Psychology Confucius (551-479 B.C.) In China, Confucius stressed the power of ideas and the importance of an educated mind.

4. Prescientific Psychology Hebrew Scriptures Hebrew scriptures linked mind and emotion to the body.

5. Prescientific Psychology Socrates (469-399 B.C.) and Plato (428-348 B.C.) Socrates Plato Socrates and his student Plato believed the mind was separate from the body, the mind continued to exist after death, and ideas were innate.

6. Prescientific Psychology Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) Aristotle suggested that the soul is not separable from the body and that knowledge (ideas) grow from experience.

7. Prescientific Psychology Rene Descartes (1596-1650) Descartes, like Plato, believed in soul (mind)- body separation, but wondered how the immaterial mind and physical body communicated.

8. Prescientific Psychology Francis Bacon (1561-1626) Bacon is one of the founders of modern science, particularly the experimental method.

9. Prescientific Psychology John Locke (1632-1704) Locke held that the mind was a tabula rasa, or blank sheet, at birth, and experiences wrote on it.

10. Prescientific Psychology What is the relation of mind and body? Mind and body are connected Mind and body are distinct The HebrewsSocrates AristotlePlato AugustineDescartes

11. Prescientific Psychology How are ideas formed? Some ideas are inborn The mind is a blank slate SocratesAristotle PlatoLocke

12. NOW TAKE NOTES!!!!!

13. Psychological Science is Born Structuralism William Wundt and Edward Titchener studied the elements (atoms) of the mind by conducting experiments at Leipzig, Germany, in 1879.

14. Psychological Science is Born Functionalism Influenced by Darwin, William James established the school of functionalism, which opposed structuralism.

15. Psychological Science is Born Inheritable Traits Also influenced by Darwin, Sir Francis Galton believed hereditary traits influenced intelligence and social status.

16. Psychological Science is Born Gestalt Psychology Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Kohler & Kurt Koffka believed perception is more than the sum of its parts- it involves a “whole pattern.” The human eye sees the whole image as opposed to two images in one.

17. Psychological Science is Born Psychoanalytic Psychology = The Unconscious Mind Sigmund Freud and his followers emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind and its effects on human behavior.

18. Psychological Science is Born Behavioral Psychology Ivan Pavlov and his well known experiments created the concept of “conditioned response” and behavior as a learned process.

19. Psychological Science Develops Behaviorism John B. Watson (1913) and later B.F. Skinner emphasized the study of overt behavior as the subject matter of scientific psychology.

20. Psychological Science Develops Humanistic Psychology Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential and our need for love and acceptance.

21. Psychological Science is Born Cognitive Psychology Jean Piaget and others focused on how humans process, store, and use information and how that information influences behavior.