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Unit 1: Psychology’s History and Approaches
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Unit Overview What is Psychology? Contemporary Psychology Click on the any of the above hyperlinks to go to that section in the presentation.
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What is Psychology? The systematic and scientific study of human behavior and mental processes
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What are the Goals of Psychology?
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Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology Ancient Greeks –Socrates –Plato –Aristotle
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Psychology’s Roots Prescientific Psychology Rene Descartes Francis Bacon John Locke –Tabula Rasa (blank slate) Empiricism Science should rely on observation and experimentation
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Psychology’s Roots Psychological Science is Born Wilhelm Wundt (1879) –University of Leipzig –Reaction time experiment
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Psychology’s Roots Thinking About the Mind’s Structure Edward Titchener –Structuralism Physicists & chemists broke matter down into structures, why not the mind? Introspection reveals the structure of the mind “Tell me about things that are yellow”
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Psychology’s Roots Thinking About the Mind’s Function William James –Influenced by Darwin & evolutionary theory –Functionalism How mental and behavioral processes function Experimental psychology
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Psychological Science Develops Sigmund Freud
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Psychological Science Develops Behaviorism –John B. Watson –B.F. Skinner –“study of observable behavior”
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Psychological Science Develops Humanistic psychology –Carl Rogers –Abraham Maslow Cognitive Neuroscience
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Psychological Science Develops Psychology –Science –Behavior –Mental processes
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Contemporary Psychology
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Psychology’s Biggest Question Nature – Nurture Issue –Biology versus experience –History Greeks John Locke v. Rene Descartes Charles Darwin –Natural selectionNatural selection
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Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis Levels of Analysis –Biological –Psychological –Social-cultural Biopsychosocial Approach
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Psychology’s Three Main Levels of Analysis
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives Biological psychology Evolutionary psychology Psychodynamic psychology Behavioral psychology Cognitive psychology Humanistic psychology Social-cultural psychology
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Psychological Approaches/Perspectives
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