1. Byzantine Empire and Orthodox Church Unit 5 World History

2. Byzantine Empire What do you know about this empire? What is the connection with the Roman Empire?

3. The Origins 330 A.D. Roman emperor Constantine I dedicated a “ __________________” on the site of the ancient Greek colony of Byzantium NEW ROME, CONSTANTINOPLE, CAPITAL OF ERE, BE,______________________________________________ Rome. Though the western half of the Roman Empire crumbled and fell in 476 the eastern half survived for 1,000 more years, spawning a rich tradition of art, literature and learning and serving as a military buffer between the states of Europe and the threat of invasion from Asia and Islamic peoples The Byzantine Empire finally fell in 1453, after an Ottoman army stormed Constantinople during the reign of Constantine XI.

4. The Roman Empire

5. Byzantine Empire

6. New Roman Empire "Byzantine" derives from Byzantium, an ancient _________________________________________________________________ Located on the European side of the Bosporus (__________________________________________) the site of Byzantium was ideally located to serve as a transit and trade point between Europe and Asia Minor In 330 A.D., Roman Emperor Constantine I chose Byzantium as the site of a new Roman capital, Constantinople Five years earlier, at the Council of Nicaea, Constantine had established Christianity (once an obscure Jewish sect) as Rome's official religion Constantinople and the rest of the Eastern Roman Empire identified strongly as Romans and Christians, though many of them spoke Greek and not Latin

9. THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE AND CHRISTIANITY official language was ___________ Greek was also widely spoken, and students received education in Greek history religion: the Council of Chalcedon in 451 division of the Christian world into _______________________________________________________________________ ____ 1 Rome (where the patriarch would later call himself pope 2 Constantinople 3 Alexandria 4 Antioch 5 Jerusalem (Beginning of Roman Catholic Church ) Byzantine emperor was the patriarch of Constantinople, and the head of both church and state (After the Islamic empire absorbed ____________,_____________ and __________ in the seventh century, the Byzantine emperor would become the spiritual leader of most eastern Christians

10. \ CONSTANTINOPLE CITY OF CONSTANTINE CAPITAL OF B.E. (E.R.E) AND LATER THE ISLAMIC OTTOMAN TURK EMPIRE

11. Constantinople built on seven hills and the ___________and the ___________________. impregnable fortress with 3 surrounding walls enclosing magnificent palaces, domes and towers The Church of ______________________ _________________________ The________________

12. Hagia Sophia

13. What is next… HOLY WISDOM JUSTINIAN EASTERN ORTHODOX ROMAN CATHOLIC MUSLIM MOSQUE MUSEUM

14. Hippodrome Hippo/Horse raceway

16. The Grand Palace

17. Justinian Justinian the Great __________________ from 527 to 565 revived the Empire's greatness and reconquered the lost ________________of the classical Roman Empire.

18. General Belisarius

19. Justinian’s Legacy Legacy rewriting of Roman law, the ________________________ Byzantine culture ______________, which was to be the center of ________________________________________

20. ___________________) in the early 540s marked the end of an age of splendor The Empire entered a period of territorial decline not to be reversed until the ninth century. P___________, historian, provides the primary source for the history of Justinian's reign P his empress, __________, improved role of women in empire

21. Theodora expanded the rights of women in divorce and property ownership instituted the death penalty for rape forbade exposure of unwanted infants gave mothers some guardianship rights over their children and forbade the killing of a wife who committed adultery Procopius wrote that she was naturally inclined to assist women in misfortune

22. EASTERN ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY The Eastern Orthodox Church Orthodox Catholic Church commonly referred to as the Orthodox Church second largest Christian church in the world 300 million adherents __________and _______________________ religious denomination of the majority of the populations of _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________

23. traces its development back through the _________ or ______ empire, to the earliest church established by ________ and the Apostles _______ can be found adorning the walls of ________________facing east. _______

25. Great Schism Division _________ into ______________________________________, which later became known as the _____________________________and the ______________________________, respectively_________ Relations between East and West had long been due to ______________________________________________