2. Naming Compounds Ionic Compounds : metals and non-metals metals and non-metals Molecular Compounds : combination of non-metals combination of non-metals Acids Names Acids Names

3. Naming Compounds 1. A binary compound is one made of two different elements. There can be one of each element such as in NaCl or KF. 2. There can also be several of each element such as Na 2 O or AlBr 3. Points to remember about naming a compound from its formula 1.The order for names in a binary compound is first the cation, then the anion. 2.Use the name of cation with a fixed oxidation state directly from the periodic table. 3.The name of the anion will be made from the root of the element's name plus the suffix "-ide."

4. Binary – Ionic Compounds Example 1: Write the name of the following formula: MgBr 2 Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = magnesium. Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is brom-) plus the ending "-ide." Result of this step = bromide. "-ide." Result of this step = bromide. Magnesium bromide. Note the presence of the subscript does not play a role in this name.

5. Example 2: Write the name of the following formula: Na2S 1st name: metal name – sodium 2nd name: root of second element – sulf and ends in “ide” – sulfide. Sodium sulfide. Example 3: Write the name of the following formula: HCl 1st name: name of element – hydrogen 2nd name: root of second element – chlor and ends in “ide” – chloride. Hydrogen chloride

6. Ternary Ionic Compounds Formulas with 3 or more elements: metals and polyatomic ions or Polyatomic & Polyatomic 1st name: name of the element (metal) or polyatomic ion (NH4). 2nd name: name of the polyatomic ion. Ex: Na2SO4 : sodium sulfate NH4NO3: Ammonium Nitrate

7. Binary Ionic Multi – Charged Ions There are some elements with more than one possible charge. Ex: Copper +1, +2 How would you name or recognize which is used in the formula and name? One of two systems is used. Stock System or Traditional.

8. Stock System of Naming Compounds Roman numeral matching the charge is used. Ex: Cu +1, copper I Cu +2, copper II Cu +2, copper II Cu +2 N0 3 - : Cu(N0 3 ) 2 copper II nitrate Cu + NO 3 - : CuNO 3 copper I nitrate

9. Traditional Naming of Ionic Compounds Traditional naming of ionic compounds used the latin names or some common names and a suffix corresponding to the charge as follows. Copper: Cuprum Cu +1 : cuprous Cu +2 : cupric The ous ending was used with the lower charged ion. The ic ending was used with the higher charged ion.

10. Tradition Names Ferrous Nitrate : Iron +2, nitrate: Fe(NO 3 ) 2 Plumbic Chloride: Lead +4, chlorine: PbCl 4 Latin Names: Ferrum – Iron, Cuprum – Copper, Stannum – Tin, Hydragryum – Mercury Common Names: Any element with more than one possible charge: lead, mercury, tin, etc.

11. Molecular Compounds Combinations of non-metals. The use of prefixes are used in conjunction with roots and suffixes. Number Prefix 1 mono 1 mono 2 di 2 di 3 tri 3 tri 4 tetra 4 tetra 5 penta or pent 5 penta or pent 6 hexa 6 hexa 7 hepta 7 hepta 8 octa 8 octa 9 nana 9 nana 10 deca 10 deca

12. Naming Molecular Compounds Molecular Compounds: combination of non- metals. Binary Molecular Use of prefixes to refer to number of atoms of each element.

13. Binary Molecular Compounds 1. 1 st name: If the 1 st element has no subscript use it’s name. If it does have a subscript use a prefix which represents that number plus the name of the 1 st element. Ex: CO 2 : carbon As 2 S 3 : diarsenic As 2 S 3 : diarsenic

14. 2. 2 nd name: use a prefix to match the subscript of the second element plus the root of the second element and ends in “ide”. Ex: CO2: dioxide As2O3: trioxide Complete names: CO2: carbon dioxide As2O3: diarsenic trioxide

15. Naming Acids All acid formulas begin with Hydrogen as the first element. If the material is an acid an (aq) will follow the formula. Meaning aqueous solution of. There are two systems of acid names 1. Binary – two elements. 2. Ternary – three or more elements.

16. Binary Acid Names All binary acid names will follow the following pattern: 1 st name: Begins with the prefix Hydro + Root of the second element and ends in “ic”. 2 nd name: Acid Ex: HF – Hydrofluoric Acid, HBr – Hydrobromic Acid

17. Ternary Acid Names Ternary acid names come from the roots of the polyatomic ion. The endings are changed as follows: ate is changed to ic (higher # of oxygens, greater) ate is changed to ic (higher # of oxygens, greater) ite is changed to ous (lower # of oxygens) ite is changed to ous (lower # of oxygens) Ex: H 2 SO 4 – Sulfuric Acid H 2 SO 3 – Sulfurous Acid H 2 SO 3 – Sulfurous Acid If only one polyatomic ion in group, the name of the acid is the root of the polyatomic ion and ending in “ic”. If only one polyatomic ion in group, the name of the acid is the root of the polyatomic ion and ending in “ic”. Ex: HC 2 H 3 O 2 – Acetic Acid