1. Lessons 1-4

2. Lesson 1: Minerals

3. Lesson Objectives

4. What is a mineral? Solids Inorganic - not living Natural - not made by humans and found in the ground Definite crystal structure - atoms are arranged in a predictable way Definite chemical composition

6. Formation of Minerals Form as magma and lava cools – known as crystallization Form in water as precipitates - an insoluble solid that separates from a liquid solution Can be weathered by physical and chemical methods Form by changes in pressure deep beneath Earth's surface - as the pressure increases, minerals combine to become new minerals

7. Properties of a Mineral StreakMagnetism Hardness Acids Luster Cleavage Specific Gravity Gonimeter

8. Properties of a Mineral Streak

9. Properties of a Mineral Cleavage

10. Properties of a Mineral Luster

11. Properties of a Mineral Gonimeter

12. Properties of a Mineral Hardness

13. Properties of a Mineral Acids

14. Properties of a Mineral Magnetism

16. Uses of Minerals Uranium – fuel for nuclear power plants Silver – electronics, jewelry, developing photographs Lead – batteries Bauxite – aluminum foil, soda cans, airplane parts Copper – pipes, wire, other parts of industry Gold – jewelry and industry Other products that have minerals – lighbulbs, MP3 players, cereal, cell phones, furniture, powders

18. Distribution of Minerals

19. 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 01: Minerals”

20. 3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click “submit”.

21. Lesson 2: Rocks and the Rock Cycle

22. Lesson Objectives

23. Types of Rocks Igneous Rocks – forms when magma cools and crystallizes

24. Types of Rocks Sedimentary Rocks – forms from the breakdown of rocks by physical and chemical means then compacts and cements together

25. Types of Rocks Metamorphic Rocks – forms when rocks and minerals are subjected to extreme changes in temperature and pressure

26. The Rock Cycle deposition lithification Intrusive or Extrusive

27. Let’s Review

28. 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 02: Rocks and the Rock Cycle” For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www.flvsess.com

29. Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals as Resources

30. Lesson Objectives

31. Similarities and Differences

32. Mining Rocks and Minerals Extract Rocks and Minerals from the Earth Valuable – lots of uses in our daily lives Mining Techniques Consequences (pros and cons) Ore Reclamation Economy Environment Society

33. Mining Operations/Techniques Depends on the type of rock or mineral being mined Most have heavy machinery moved into the area and dig for the resource Panning Extraction from Caves Dynamite

34. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

37. What else? ProsCons Destruction of Environment -Trees -Farmland -Houses -Erosion -Water shortages -Environmental Practices put into place -Build terraces to prevent erosion -Planting -Jobs -Reclamation

39. Case Studies

42. 1. Go to the “Discover” tab page 3: 2.Click on the “Lab Report” 3.Complete Lab and attach to assessment ATTENTION HONORS STUDENTS: You have an additional assessment to complete For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www.flvsess.com

43. Lesson 4: Soil and Soil Conservation

44. Lesson Objectives

45. It’s Time for Vocabulary Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. Organic Matter -

46. It’s Time for Vocabulary Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. Organic Matter – decomposing plant and animals material or DOM (dead organic matter) Soil Composition - the types of materials that make up soil Parent Rock - the primary rock type that forms the soil

47. Soil Horizons Parent Rock Climate is important in determining the types of soils that form

48. Soil Type by Color

49. Soil Type by Grain Size

50. Soil Type by Texture

51. Soil Conservation Contour Farming Worms Manure Fertilizer Till Effects of the different spheres on Erosion Wind Water Gravity

52. Soil Lab

53. 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S1 Rocks and Minerals 04: Soil and Soil Conservation” For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www.flvsess.com