1. Observe the three pictures of red blood cells.
1) Draw one cell of each picture and describe the cells.
2) Predict: Which cells was placed in low, medium and high salt solution? Explain.
3) Conclude: Why is it important to have a specific salt concentration in the blood?

4. Before:
To clarify:
Placed in hypotonic, hypertonic, Isotonic solutions.
After:
The inside and outside solutions are isotonic to one another.

5. Plant cell??

6. Suppose your dialysis tubing is replaced with a living fish…
What would happen to this fish if you placed it in tap or even in distilled water?
What would happen to this fish if you placed it in salt water?
So, how do some fish live in freshwater, or in saltwater?

7. Passive and Active Transport Across the Cell Membrane

8. Two Molecules thick membrane
From Paramecium to Facilitated Diffusion

9. Passive Transport Molecules flow down their concentration gradient.
Transport that doesn’t use cell energy.

10. Passive Transport 1.Simple Diffusion Example: Water , oxygen
Cell Membrane, Passive Transport, wandering molecules
Passive Transport
1.Simple Diffusion
Example: Water , oxygen
2. Facilitated Diffusion
Example: Glucose, Ions

11. Passive Transport
Channels by Stolaf

12. Diffusion: EQUILIBRIUM Glucose cannot pass through Osmosis Glucose
Channels by Stolaf
Passive Active Transport!
Glucose

13. Facilitated Diffusion
Glucose Channels open in response to the hormone Insulin
EQUILIBRIUM
Glucose Transporter
Tutorial: Passive and Active Transport

14. Lets compare:
Diffusion (of oxygen, for exmaple)
2. Osmosis
3. Facilitated Diffusion

15. 1.Direction 2.Energy Source 3. What’s moving? 4.Protein? oC Notes + -
Comparing In terms of:
1.Direction
2.Energy Source
3. What’s moving?
4.Protein?
Osmosis
Diffusion  
O2…
H2O   oC
Notes     + -
Glucose 
Facilitated Diffusion

17. A. B.
Copy and Identify:
Which is going down, which up the concentration gradient?
Predict: where will the substance go, by passive transport? Explain

18. Active Transport
Transport that pushes ions up / against their concentration gradient.
Transport that requires cell energy.
Notes

19. 2. Endocytosis (Large particles) 3. Exocytosis (Large particles)
Active Transport
Ion Pumps – ATP Antiport
Ion Pumps -
1. Pumps (Charged Ions)
2. Endocytosis (Large particles)
3. Exocytosis (Large particles)

20. Ion Pumps
Maintain a membrane potential with a more negative ions inside and more positive ions outside.
Transport Animation (password)
Active Transport Animation Tutorial
Pumps - by Stolaf
Na/K pump simple animation

21. Endocytosis Endocytosis of LDL Endocytosis
Phagocytosis Simplified
Endocytosis
White Blood Cell Chases Bacteria

22. Exocytosis
Exocytosis animation

23. A. B.
Identify: Passive, active transport, pumps and channels.

24. Try yourself - Active or Passive?
Transport Animation (and more!)
Diffusion
Channel
Osmosis
Antiport
Symport
Symport

25. Where would the water go? 2. What would be the problem for the cell?
A living cell is put into a surrounding of 100% pure water (most hypotonic!!) –
Where would the water go? 2. What would be the problem for the cell?
3. How might the cell solve it? J.
Contractile vacuole Movie
Contractile Vacuole new
Contractile Vacuole UC Davis

27. Video: Part Two

28. Raise The Correct Note in response to the following slides:
Passive Transport: Blue
Active Transport: Red
Both: Blue and Red

29. 1. Going from Low to High concentration
2. Uses ATP as source of (cellular) energy
3. Small, uncharged substances

30. 5. Going from High to Low concentrations
4. Proteins are involved
5. Going from High to Low concentrations
6. Ion Channels and Glucose Transporter

31. 7. Ion Pumps
8. Uses Heat as the source of (kinetic) energy
9. Osmosis is an example of….

32. 10. Charged substances (ions).
11. Endocytosis / Exosytosis
12. Demonstrated by dialysis tubing

33. ATP
13.
ADP

34. 14.
ATP

35. 15.

36. 16.

37. 17.

38. 18. Oxygen Diffusion into cells

39. 19.

40. 20.
Demonstrated by the decalcified egg experiment

41. 21.

42. 15.

43. 16.

44. 17.
ATP

45. 19.

47. Transport of Proteins Inside the Cell: Vesicular Transport
Problem: How do we get a new protein from the center of the cell to the membrane? ? N
Solution:
Vesicular Transport
Protein Transport - ER and Golgi

48. Answer to journal:
Endocytosis: Purpose is to take in liquids or a large particle, as a signal for the cell.
Exocytosis: Purpose is to release a large molecule from the cell, to get rid of waste or to release a signal protein.

49. The cell membrane is said to be Selective and Semi-permeable.
(or ‘selectively permeable’)
Write at least three facts you learned that support this idea.

50. Consider a certain concentration of salt in water.
This solution can be both hypotonic and hypertonic at the same time.
How is this possible?!
Hyper-
tonic to
Hypo-
tonic to

52. Desalination Plant.

54. 1. Water flows in from the estuary or sea
2. Salt water contains sodium and chloride ions
3. Pressure is applied to force salt water through membrane
4. Semi-permeable membrane with millions of microscopic holes
5. Clean water fit for drinking
6. Saline concentrate flows out

55. You have just learned that water moves from lower to higher solute concentration.
1.How is it possible to drive water in the opposite direction? Give an example.
2. Active transport – uses consumed energy. Passive transport – does not. What is desalination, then?