1. From Revolution to Reform in China Ch. 17 Sec. 2 Bell work #2 Maxine sidestepped the fast moving horse quick and a sigh of relief was breathed by her

2. Triumph of Communism After WWII, Mao Zedong’s communist forces and Jiang Jieshi’s Nationalists resumed the bitter struggle for power that had begun in the 1920s. Civil war raged until Mao’s forces swept to victory and set up the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. China was finally united, with the Communists in control. After WWII, Mao Zedong’s communist forces and Jiang Jieshi’s Nationalists resumed the bitter struggle for power that had begun in the 1920s. Civil war raged until Mao’s forces swept to victory and set up the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949. China was finally united, with the Communists in control.

3. Reasons For Success Why did the Communist Triumph? Why did the Communist Triumph? Mao won the support of China’s huge peasant population. Mao won the support of China’s huge peasant population. Women also threw their support behind Mao. The Nationalists had done little to improve their harsh lives. Women also threw their support behind Mao. The Nationalists had done little to improve their harsh lives. Finally, Mao’s army was superior to Jiang’s. With the guerrilla tactics they had perfected against the Japanese in WWII, they outfought Jiang’s armies. Finally, Mao’s army was superior to Jiang’s. With the guerrilla tactics they had perfected against the Japanese in WWII, they outfought Jiang’s armies.

4. Remaking Chinese life To build socialism and repair the economy, China nationalized all businesses. The government also drew up five year plans designed to increase coal and steel output and develop heavy industry. With Soviet help, the Chinese built hydroelectric plants, railroads, and canals. To build socialism and repair the economy, China nationalized all businesses. The government also drew up five year plans designed to increase coal and steel output and develop heavy industry. With Soviet help, the Chinese built hydroelectric plants, railroads, and canals. Remolding society- Like Lenin in the Soviet Union, Mao Zedong built a one-party totalitarian state, with the Communist party supreme. Communist ideology replaced Confucian beliefs and traditional religions. The government attacked crime and corruption. It did away with the old landlord and business classes. In their place, peasants and workers were honored as the builders of the new China. Remolding society- Like Lenin in the Soviet Union, Mao Zedong built a one-party totalitarian state, with the Communist party supreme. Communist ideology replaced Confucian beliefs and traditional religions. The government attacked crime and corruption. It did away with the old landlord and business classes. In their place, peasants and workers were honored as the builders of the new China.

5. The Great Leap Forward In 1958, Mao launched the Great Leap Forward. He urged people to make a superhuman effort to increase farm and industrial output. In an attempt to make agriculture more efficient, he created communes. At typical commune included several villages, thousands of acres of land, and up to 25,000 people. It had its own schools, factories, housing, and dining halls. In 1958, Mao launched the Great Leap Forward. He urged people to make a superhuman effort to increase farm and industrial output. In an attempt to make agriculture more efficient, he created communes. At typical commune included several villages, thousands of acres of land, and up to 25,000 people. It had its own schools, factories, housing, and dining halls. The Great Leap Forward was a dismal failure. Backyard industries turned out low-quality, useless goods. The commune system slowed food output. Bad weather added to the problems and led to a terrible famine. 30 million Chinese starved to death. The Great Leap Forward was a dismal failure. Backyard industries turned out low-quality, useless goods. The commune system slowed food output. Bad weather added to the problems and led to a terrible famine. 30 million Chinese starved to death.

6. Relations With the U.S. The rift between China and the U.S. deepened when they supported opposing sides in the Korean War. For years, the U.S. tried to isolate China, which it saw as an aggressive communist power expanding across Asia. The rift between China and the U.S. deepened when they supported opposing sides in the Korean War. For years, the U.S. tried to isolate China, which it saw as an aggressive communist power expanding across Asia. In 1971, however, China won admission to the United Nations. A year later, United States President Richard Nixon visited Mao in Beijing, opening the door to improved relations. Both leaders used this occasion to strengthen their position with the Soviet Union. Formal diplomatic recognition of China by the U.S. finally came in 1979. In 1971, however, China won admission to the United Nations. A year later, United States President Richard Nixon visited Mao in Beijing, opening the door to improved relations. Both leaders used this occasion to strengthen their position with the Soviet Union. Formal diplomatic recognition of China by the U.S. finally came in 1979.

7. Tiananmen Square Massacre In May 1989, as you have read, demonstrators occupied Tiananmen Square. They built a huge plaster statue called the Goddess of Liberty and waved banners proclaiming, “Give us freedom or give us death.” When they refused to disperse, the government sent in troops and tanks. Thousands of demonstrators were killed or wounded. Many others were arrested and tortured, some put to death. In May 1989, as you have read, demonstrators occupied Tiananmen Square. They built a huge plaster statue called the Goddess of Liberty and waved banners proclaiming, “Give us freedom or give us death.” When they refused to disperse, the government sent in troops and tanks. Thousands of demonstrators were killed or wounded. Many others were arrested and tortured, some put to death. The crackdown showed that China’s communist leaders were determined to maintain control. To them, order was more important than political freedom. During the 1990s, efforts to push China to end human rights violations had limited effects. The crackdown showed that China’s communist leaders were determined to maintain control. To them, order was more important than political freedom. During the 1990s, efforts to push China to end human rights violations had limited effects.