2. 3
Drafting Skills
What is the difference between sketching and technical drawing? Is it necessary to use CAD to create drawings for a design project?
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. 3
Drafting Skills
Identify the important part of a CAD system used to create technical drawings.
Define the relevant terms related to CAD systems.
Recognize the traditional tools most often used to create technical drawings.
Recall the important terms related to traditional drawing tools.
Show the use of traditional tools and CAD to draw lines, circles, arcs, curves, and erase parts of a drawing.
Produce measurements and scale drawings through the use of scales, dividers, and CAD.
Identify standard pencil grades, and identify those most commonly used for technical drawing.
Recognize the types and thicknesses of the various lines in the alphabet of lines.
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. 3 Drafting Skills All engineers should possess some basic
skills as they enter the profession
Sketches and technical drawings are
products of the engineering design process
Engineers must understand the principles behind
drafting to work through the design process
successfully
Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Using Technical Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Technical Drawing Tools
Computer-Aided Design/Drafting (CAD)
>
computer-aided design/drafting (CAD)
computer software and related hardware that supplements or replaces traditional hand tools in creating models and technical drawings

6. Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
A CAD System Consists of:
CAD Software
>
CAD software
application component of a computer-aided drawing system

7. Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
A CAD System Consists of:
CAD Software
Display Devices
>
display devices
viewing component of CAD systems; also known as monitors

8. Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
A CAD System Consists of:
CAD Software
Display Devices
Input Devices
>
input devices
equipment used to enter data and interact with software programs such as CAD systems

9. Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
A CAD System Consists of:
CAD Software
Display Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
>
output devices
devices such as printers, plotters, and film recorders, used to make hard copies of drawings created on screen

10. Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Identifying Computer-Aided Drawing Tools
A CAD System Consists of:
CAD Software
Display Devices
Input Devices
Output Devices
Storage Devices
>
storage device
medium for storing and retrieving information as needed

11. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Traditional Tools

12. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Pencils
Eraser
Paper
Scale
CAD Templates
>
scale
instrument used to measure distances on technical drawings
>
templates
devices used to assist in the drawing of repetitive features, such as circles and ellipses

13. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Types of Scales
Combination Scale
>
combination scale
instrument used to measure distances that has engineering, metric, and architectural components

14. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Types of Scales
Combination Scale
Architect's Scale
>
architect’s scale
instrument used to create drawings of structures, such as a building or a factory floor layout

15. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Types of Scales
Civil Engineer’s Scale
Combination Scale
Architect's Scale
>
civil engineer’s scale
decimal scale used to divide into multiple units of 10

16. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Types of Scales
Civil Engineer’s Scale
Combination Scale
Architect's Scale
Mechanical Engineer’s Scale
>
mechanical engineer’s scale
instrument used to draw mechanical parts, either fractionally divided into 1/16 or 1/32, or decimally divided into 0.01 or 0.02

17. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
Types of Scales
Civil Engineer’s Scale
Combination Scale
Architect's Scale
Mechanical Engineer’s Scale
Metric Scale
>
metric scale
scale used to create scaled technical drawings using SI units

18. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
The International Standards Organization (ISO) developed the International System of Units.
>
International Standards Organization (ISO)
international organization that established the metric standard
>
International System of Units
system of metric standard; also known as Systeme Internationale

19. Using Traditional Drawing Tools
3.1
Drafting Tools
Using Traditional Drawing Tools
CAD Templates
>
templates
devices used to assist in the drawing of repetitive features, such as circles and ellipses

20. 3.1
Drafting Tools
Identify five traditional tools used in technical drawing.

21. 3.1
Drafting Tools
Compare the architect’s, civil engineer’s, and mechanical engineer’s scales.

22. 3.1
Drafting Tools
Explain why an engineer might choose to use a CAD system instead of traditional drawing tools to create technical drawings.

23. Drawing a Line Through Two Points
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Drawing a Line Through Two Points

24. Drawing Parallel Lines
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Drawing Parallel Lines

25. Drawing Perpendicular Lines
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Drawing Perpendicular Lines

26. Drawing Lines at Angles Relative to a Given Line
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Drawing Lines at Angles Relative to a Given Line

27. Drawing Irregular Curves
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Drawing Irregular Curves
To draw long, irregular curves, a device called a spline is used.
>
irregular curves
types of curves that are not circles or arcs; also known as French curves
>
spline
long, flexible device used to draw long, irregular curves

28. Using Multiview Projections
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using Multiview Projections
>
multiview drawing
collection of flat 2D drawings that work together to show an accurate representation of the overall object

29. Using Multiview Projections
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using Multiview Projections
When creating a multiview drawing of a design, the selection and orientation of the front view is an important first step.

30. Using Multiview Projections
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using Multiview Projections
Isometric
Orthographic
>
isometric
view of a sketch of an object in a three-dimensional view
>
orthographic
view or sketch of an object that shows how an object looks from the front, top, right, or other views

31. Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
There is a certain technique, or standard set of methods, followed when creating multiview sketches.
The technique includes line conventions, proportioning, and methods for creating circles, arcs, and ellipses.
>
multiview sketches
collection of drawings that require certain line conventions, proportioning, and methods for creation

32. Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
Sketched Alphabet of Lines

33. Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
Line Types on an Engineering Sketch

34. Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
Precedence of Lines

35. Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Using the Multiview Sketching Techniques
Center Line Conventions

36. 3.2 Drafting Techniques Lettering > Examples of ANSI Standards
set of standards used in an industry set by the American National Standards Institute

37. 3.2 Drafting Techniques Lettering >
Most CAD systems can make use of the same fonts available in word processing systems.
>
font
size and style of a particular typeface

38. 3.2 Drafting Techniques Lettering >
Type size is measured in points.
There are 72 points per vertical inch.
>
type size
measurement, in points, of text size

39. 3.2
Drafting Techniques
Lettering
Important Text Terms

40. Other CAD Text Variables
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Lettering
Other CAD Text Variables
Text Slant
Text Rotation
Text Aspect Ratio
>
text slant
variable used to create individual text characters at an angle away from vertical
>
text rotation
angle, measured from horizontal, used to create entire lines of text at an angle
>
text aspect ratio
numerical ratio of the width versus the height of individual characters

41. Including Text on Drawings
3.2
Drafting Techniques
Lettering
Including Text on Drawings
Title Block
Revision Block
Bill of Materials
General Notes
Dimensions

42. 3.2
Drafting Techniques
Explain how different types of straight lines can be drawn.

43. 3.2
Drafting Techniques
Summarize the types of text that are included on technical drawings.

44. 3.2
Drafting Techniques
Evaluate the need to use conventions in drawing hidden line on technical drawings.

45. End of