1. Ch. 10: Lesson 1 Acids, Bases, and Neutralization Ch. 10: Lesson 1 Acids, Bases, and Neutralization

2. Electrolytes  Electrolytes are substances that break apart in water and conduct electricity

3. Acids (on Table K)  Arrhenius acids produce hydrogen ions (H+) as the only positive ion when dissolved in water HCl, HNO 3, H 2 SO 4, HC 2 H 3 O 2

4. Hydronium Ion  H+ is a proton, and immediately attaches to water to make H 3 O+

5. Bases (on Table L)  Arrhenius bases produce hydroxide ions (OH-) as the only negative ion when dissolved in water NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH) 2

6. Neutralization  Neutralization is an acid reacting with a base to make a salt and water  Acid + Base  Salt + Water HNO 3 + NaOH  NaNO 3 + H 2 O 2 HCl + Ca(OH) 2  HBr + KOH   Neutralization is an acid reacting with a base to make a salt and water  Acid + Base  Salt + Water HNO 3 + NaOH  NaNO 3 + H 2 O 2 HCl + Ca(OH) 2  HBr + KOH 

7. Salt  A salt is a product (with water) of a neutralization reaction  Ionic substance, made of spectator ions

8. Spontaneous Acid-Base Reactions  1) Acid + Base  Salt + Water  2) Acid (H+ or H 3 O+) & a metal  To react with H+, metal must be above H2 on Table J Co + 2 HCl  H 2 + CoCl 2  Cu + H 2 PO 4  no reaction  1) Acid + Base  Salt + Water  2) Acid (H+ or H 3 O+) & a metal  To react with H+, metal must be above H2 on Table J Co + 2 HCl  H 2 + CoCl 2  Cu + H 2 PO 4  no reaction

9. Questions  Review book, page 177 #1-4, 6-9

10. Chapter 10: Lesson 2 -Properties & Strengths of Acids and Bases- Chapter 10: Lesson 2 -Properties & Strengths of Acids and Bases-

11. Properties of Acids & Bases Acids Bases  Sour taste  React with certain metals to produce H 2 gas  pH of less than 7  Can be formed by a reaction of gaseous oxides with water  Sour taste  React with certain metals to produce H 2 gas  pH of less than 7  Can be formed by a reaction of gaseous oxides with water  Bitter taste  Slippery feel  pH of greater than 7  Formed by Group 1 or Group 2 metals reacting with H 2 O, releasing H also  Na + H2O  NaOH + H+

12. Acid and Base Strength  # ions released in solution = strength  Strong ionize completely  Weak ionize only slightly  # ions released in solution = strength  Strong ionize completely  Weak ionize only slightly

13. Acid and Base Strength  Hydrochloric acid – very dangerous  Citric acid – harmless, in fruits  Boric acid - eye washing  Hydrochloric acid – very dangerous  Citric acid – harmless, in fruits  Boric acid - eye washing