1. An Industrial Society 1860-1914 Chapter 20, Section 1
The Growth of Industry
An Industrial Society
Chapter 20, Section 1

2. Essential Questions:
What factors are necessary for an agrarian (farming) society to change into an industrial society?
What role has technology played in assisting the United States to become an industrial superpower?

4. Edwin Drake 1st Person to Drill for Petroleum into the Earth
In 1859, Drilled into the Earth & Struck Oil!
Started the Oil Industry!
Oil = New Form of Energy was Discovered

5. The Birth of the Industrial Revolution
The Birth of the Industrial Revolution in the U.S. Took Place in the New England Colonies
Textile Mills Started in the Late 1700’s
Industrial Revolution Started in England Years Before:
Technology Came Overseas to the Colonies

6. Old Technology

7. Why in New England?

8. Plentiful Natural Resources
America Has Plenty of Natural Resources
Forests, Lakes, Rivers, Water, Minerals, Coal, Iron, Copper, Silver, Gold
Factories & Businesses Used These Natural Resources to Manufacture a Variety of Goods

9. Improved Transportation
Steamboats, Canals, & Railroads in the Early 1800’s Made It Possible to Ship Items Long Distances
More Raw Materials & Finished Products Could Be Sold
Industries Grew!

12. Growing Population
U.S. Population Grew ( ) from 31.5 Million to 76 Million
More People Need More Goods!
Industries/ Businesses Made More Goods & $$$

14. High Immigration
About 14 Million Immigrants Came to the U.S. Between
Skilled & Unskilled Workers Came
Skilled Workers Brought with Them Knowledge
Unskilled Workers Provided the Labor (Work) in the Factories

15. New Inventions
New Machines & New Inventions Led to Industries Producing Goods More Efficiently and Faster
A Patent is a Government Document Protecting an Inventor’s Idea for a Certain Number of Years

16. Investment Capital
$$$ Given to Companies to Build Factories, New Equipment, Research & Development
$$$ Given to Start a Business
Company Gives Person Back Stock
Mr. Winner!

18. The Story of Rob!

22. Business Cycle (Booms)
People Buy More Products & Invest in Companies More
Companies Get MORE Investment Capital, Hire More Workers, Make More Goods, Sell More
More Workers = More Paychecks = More Spending!
Business Grows!

23. Business Cycle (Busts)
People Spend Less, People Don’t Invest (Don’t Buy Stock)
Industries Get LESS Investment Capital:
Have to FIRE Workers!
Businesses Shrink or Even Close
Economic Activity Decreases (Recession + Depressions)

24. Stock Market Recently

25. Stock Market’s History

26. The Economy
From , Industries within the U.S. Grew at an Outstanding Rate!
Manufactured Goods Increased Over 6x!
The Economy Was BOOMING!

27. Bessemer Steel Process
Before 1850, to Make Steel Was Very Expensive!
Used Large Amounts of Coal to Create Enough Heat!
Henry Bessemer Created New Process to Make Steel
Used 1/7th the Amount of Coal

28. Bessemer Steel Process
New Process Cut the Cost of Making Steel
Steel Production Increased Over 500x
Many Industries Used Steel To Make:
Plows
Barbed Wire
Nails
Beams for Buildings
Building Railroads

30. We Have No Idea How This Works!

31. Electric Power Generators Were Invented in the 1870’s
Generators Produce Electric Currents (Electricity)
Inventors Looked for Ways to Use Electricity

33. Thomas Edison Had Over 1,000 Inventions/Patents
Most Famous Invention was Practical Electrical Lighting (More Efficient Light Bulb)
Invented a System to Bring Electricity to Buildings
Street Lights/Lighting in Buildings = Safer!

34. Alexander Graham Bell Scottish Immigrant Who Taught Deaf Children
Thomas Watson was Bell’s Assistant
Invented the Telephone
Transmitted Speech Using Electricity
A Communications Revolution!

35. American Telephone & Telegraph Company

36. The Centennial Exhibition (1876)
America’s 100 Year Birthday Celebration!
Huge Science Fair Held in Philadelphia!
Alexander Graham Bell Demonstrated the Telephone!

37. America’s 100 Year Birthday Party!

38. Statue of Liberty Centennial Exhibition 1876

39. Christopher Latham Sholes
Invented the 1st Practical Typewriter
Opened Jobs for Women:
Jobs
Paycheck
More Freedom
Purchasing Power
Equality

40. Elias Howe & Isaac Singer
Invented & Improved the Sewing Machine
Sewing Machine Increased the Production of Clothes
XS, S, M, L, XL, XXL, XXL Sizes
Singer Sewing Machines are the Best in the World Today!

42. Granville T. Woods Margaret Knight
Granville T. Woods was an African American Inventor
Patented Improvements to the Telephone & Telegraph
Margaret Knight Improved Motors, Engines, Machines for Packaging & Making Shoes

43. Essential Questions:
What factors are necessary for an agrarian (farming) society to change into an industrial society?
What role has technology played in assisting the United States to become an industrial superpower?