1. These two areas, Germany and Italy, will become unified nations for similar and different reasons. Let’s look briefly at them, side by side, and see the similarities between them. German and Italian Unification

4. Italian States Piedmont Sardinia: Greatest State Dynamic Leader: Cavour: Like a Prime Minister Runs the show Victor Emmanuel: Like a King of Sardinia Mazzini/Garibaldi- Both want a Republic, Cavour does not. German and Italian Unification

5. German States Issues: Prussia seeks a common German State They will lead,others have to follow Has to deal with liberals who do not want $ spent on the military Austria, another German State, is nearly as strong as Prussia German and Italian Unification

6. Italian States Issues: Have never been unified since the fall of Rome Have separate Agendas North = Industry South = Agriculture Have a strong foreign presence in their area Austria France German and Italian Unification

7. German States Who wants what? Bismarck – wants to increase the size of Prussia If it means a unified Germany, so be it He is a Prussian before he is a German William I – is willing to let Bismarck Run the show German and Italian Unification

8. Italian States Who wants what? Cavour – feels that a strong, industrial Piedmont will lead the rest of the States. $ = Power = unification Mazzini and Cavour want unification based on political ideology: A Republic Victor Emmanuel - is willing to let Cavour run the show German and Italian Unification

9. German States Obstacles to Unification Austria- they are a powerful “German State” with a different agenda than Prussia France: they control land that used to belong to Prussia Political Differences- Between Bismarck and the wealthy classes (over $ for war) German and Italian Unification

10. Italian States Obstacles to Unification Austria – They control/manage Piedmont France – They control parts of the Center of Italy Political Differences – Between Cavour, who has no problem having a King as long as Italy is unified, and Garibaldi, who wants Italy to be a Republic. German and Italian Unification

11. German States Prussia: Greatest State Dynamic Leader Bismarck: Like a Prime Minister. Runs the show William I: King of Prussia German and Italian Unification

12. German States Steps to Unification Bismarck raises $ for the Military Allies with Russia to Take back Schleswig and Holstein Provokes Austria to was and crushes them in 7 Weeks War Provokes France and crushes them (revenge for Napoleon) Establishes Germany in 1871 German and Italian Unification

13. Italian States Steps to Unification Sardinia Provokes Austria into battle and beats them (with French help) Garibaldi gathers his army “Red Shirts” in the south, they conquer and move north Cavour links with Garibaldi,and France is finally is driven from Italy because they were being beaten by Prussia German and Italian Unification

14. German States Results of Unification A strong, Industrialized and Militarized Germany Increased Tension between France and Germany The seeds of the Germany we will see in WWI have been sown German and Italian Unification

15. Italian States Results of Unification Division between North and South Italy Political Unity, but not cultural or social unity The connection,of Unification, between Italy and Germany that will make them allies in WWI & WWII German and Italian Unification