1. Oct. 1 st and 4 th  Turn homework in to the bin.  Pre-AP only: Warm-Up #6  Write homework in agenda.

2. Essential Questions 1. What was the layout of the Indus Valley civilization? 2. Why do we not have a lot of information about the Indus Valley civilization? 3. What is ancestor worship? 4. What is the mandate of heaven? 5. What is the dynastic cycle?

3. Agenda  Essential Questions  Indus Valley/Huang He Notes  Indus/Huang He Venn diagram  HW: Essay #1 and Stearns Ch. 1

4. River Valley Civilizations Indus Valley and Huang He

5. Location/Geography Indus Valley  south of Himalayan Mountains  Indus and Ganges Rivers  Deccan plateau  monsoons (seasonal winds) Huang He  isolated from other civilizations because of natural barriers  Plateau of Tibet  Himalayan Mountains  Yangtze and Huang He Rivers

7. Religion  artifacts indicate links to modern day Hinduism  worship the God Shiva  worshiped cattle  family was strongly linked to religion  spirits of ancestors determine fortune  spirits demanded attention and respect  used oracle bones to communicate with the gods  carved questions bones, heated them up, and observed the cracks  Mandate of Heaven – divine approval for a just ruler

9. Writing  has not yet been deciphered  each character represented an idea, not a sound  there are no links between spoken and written Chinese  should know 10,000 words to be a scholar

11. Government/Law  strong central government (because of planned cities)  limited conflicts (because few weapons have been found)  Xia dynasty was the first, cities grew  Shang dynasty: first to leave written records, built elaborate palaces/tombs  constantly raging war so they had walls around their cities for protection  dynastic cycle – the rise, decline, and replacement of dynasties  Feudalism – a political system in which nobles use lands that belong to the king, provide loyalty to king, protection to workers

13. Science/Technology  domestication of sheep and goats  sophisticated city planning  cities in grid system  citadel = fortified area with major buildings inside  plumbing /sewage systems  craftsmen made weapons, jewelry, religious items  produced silk cloth  built roads and canals  coined money  iron used for weapons

15. Social Classes  social divisions were not great (because of common residential areas)  prosperous society that produced nonessential goods  two groups: nobles and peasants  warrior-nobles were at the top with kings and owned the land  peasants workers had no tools because metal was too precious, used for weapons  grew millet, rice, wheat