2.  Property- a characteristic that helps identify an object  *Some common properties are: color, shape, size, feel, taste, smell, mass, volume

3.  Weight- the measure of how hard gravity pulls on an object  Balance- an instrument used to measure mass  Standard Mass- a small object that is used with a balance to determine mass

4.  *Mass is how much matter is in an object  *Weight can change; mass can’t  *Mass and weight are often used to mean the same thing on Earth  *To measure a solid mass use a balance

5.  *To measure a liquid mass mass of liquid = mass of liquid plus beaker – mass of beaker

6.  Graduated Cylinder- a round glass or plastic cylinder used to measure the volume of liquids  Meniscus- the curved surface of a liquid  *Read the scale on the bottom of the curve to find the volume of a liquid

7.  *Reading a scale: find 2 consecutive numbers, subtract the bottom number from the top number, count how many lines are between them, divide the number by the lines ex: there are 10 numbers between 10 and 20; if there are 5 lines between them; then take 10/5=2; so each line is worth 2 mL

8.  Displacement of water- method of measuring volume of irregularly- shaped objects  *volume of rectangular prism = length x width x height  *volume of irregularly shaped objects = volume of object = volume of water plus object – volume of water

9.  Density- a measure of how tightly the matter of a substance is packet into a given volume  *density = mass/volume = 30 g/ 15 cm³ = 2 g/cm³ said 2 grams per cubic centimeter  1 cubic centimeter of this substance has a mass of 2 grams

10.  *density of a substance does not change; the density of lead is 11.3 g/cm³; even if we double or half the amount, a substance’s density does not change  *if you know a substances mass and volume, you can calculate its density and use a chart to figure out what substance it is

11.  *matter with a density greater than water (1 g/cm³) will sink  *matter with a density less than water will float