1. By: Coach Dzialo Jacobs High School (Go EAGLES!) Ancient Greece: The High Water Mark of Western Civilization?

2. The Geography of Greece

3. Influences on the Greeks MesopotamiansEgyptiansMesopotamiansEgyptians (ex. Phoenicians-alphabet) (ex. Phoenicians-alphabet) » Greeks »Aegean CulturesPersians »Minoans »Myceneans »Trojans

4. Bronze Age Greece

5. Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos)

6. MINOANS -Began on Island of Crete-Began on Island of Crete Elaborate palace at KnossosElaborate palace at Knossos Highly refined societyHighly refined society Thrived on trade (Med. Control)Thrived on trade (Med. Control) Women were well treatedWomen were well treated Enjoyed leisureEnjoyed leisure boxing boxing bull-leaping bull-leaping

9. Knossos: Minoan Civilization

10. Minoan Civilization

11. The Mycenaean Civilization

12. MYCENEAEN SIGNIFICANCE INVADERS FROM CASPIAN SEA REGIONINVADERS FROM CASPIAN SEA REGION WARLIKE!WARLIKE! THE MYCE. INVASION FORCED EVERYONE TO SPEAK THE SAME LANGUAGE……CRUCIAL FOR GREEK DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVEMENTTHE MYCE. INVASION FORCED EVERYONE TO SPEAK THE SAME LANGUAGE……CRUCIAL FOR GREEK DEVELOPMENT AND ACHIEVEMENT FOUGHT THE TROJANSFOUGHT THE TROJANS

13. TROJANS GeographicGeographic Rival TrojanTrojan War IliadIliad and The Odyssey Epic-Epic- long story of overcoming adversity with courage (moral guideposts) RhapsodeRhapsode – trained reciter

14. Homer: The “ Heroic Age ”

15. The Mask of Agamemnon

17. ATHENS: Yesterday & Today

18. Piraeus: Athens ’ Port City

19. Early Athenian Lawgivers  Draco § “ draconian ”  Solon  Cleisthenes § created the first democracy 

20. Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE

21. Persian Wars: Famous Battles  Marathon (490 BCE) § 26 miles from Athens  Thermopylae (480 BCE) § 300 Spartans at theMountain pass  Salamis (480 BCE) § Athenian navy victorious

22. Golden “ Age of Pericles ” : 460 BCE – 429 BCE

24. ATHENS Athenian male sought leisureAthenian male sought leisure BoxingBoxing Sporting events/OlympicsSporting events/Olympics Banquet/ intellectual discussionBanquet/ intellectual discussion Freedom of speechFreedom of speech Compulsory public serviceCompulsory public service Appreciation of beautyAppreciation of beauty

25. Great Athenian Philosophers  Socrates § Know thyself! § question everything § only the pursuit of goodness brings happiness.  Plato § The Academy § The Republic  philosopher-king

26. Great Athenian Philosophers  Aristotle § The Lyceum § “ Golden Mean ” [ everything in moderation ]. § Logic. § Scientific method.

27. Athens: The Arts & Sciences  DRAMA (tragedians): § Aeschylus § Sophocles § Euripides  THE SCIENCES: § Pythagoras § Democritus  all matter made up of small atoms. § Hippocrates  “ Father of Medicine ”

30. Phidias ’ Acropolis

31. The Acropolis Today

32. The Parthenon

33. The Agora

34. The Classical Greek “ Ideal ”

36. The Ancient Olympics: Athletes & Trainers

37. Olympia: Temple to Hera

38. The 2004 Olympics

39. SPARTA

41. Helots  Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.

44. SPARTA Descendants of the war-like DoriansDescendants of the war-like Dorians Victims of their own historyVictims of their own history 10:110:1 Unwilling to dilute their citizenshipUnwilling to dilute their citizenship Cultivate physical excellenceCultivate physical excellence All males at age 7– militaryAll males at age 7– military

45. PELOPONNESIAN WAR ATHENS VS. SPARTAATHENS VS. SPARTA Conflict attributed to “Greed and Ambition”Conflict attributed to “Greed and Ambition” »(Thucydides) »60 years earlier the Greek city-states united to defeat a common enemy the Persians »Too much Pride is a bad thing!

46. Peloponnesian Wars

47. SPARTAN MILITARY ALL MALESALL MALES Training starts at age 7Training starts at age 7 Infants?Infants? Flogging dayFlogging day No family lifeNo family life Women- role was to become healthy Spartan baby makers.Women- role was to become healthy Spartan baby makers.

48. Macedonia Under Philip II

50. Alexander the Great

51. Alexander the Great ’ s Empire

52. Alexander the Great in Persia

53. The Hellenization of Asia

54. Pergamum: A Hellenistic City

55. The Economy of the Hellenistic World

56. Hellenistic Philosophers  Epicurians  Epicurus § avoid pain & seek pleasure. § all excess leads to pain! § politics should be avoided.

57. Hellenistic Philosophers  Stoics  Zeno § get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but to perform virtuous acts for the good of all.

58. Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences  Scientists / Mathematicians: § Aristarchus  heliocentric theory. § Euclid  geometry § Archimedes  pulley  Hellenistic Art: § More realistic § Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!

59. The Breakup of Alexander ’ s Empire

60. The End!