1. High Elevation Auger Telescopes and Tilt Monitoring Nils Scharf 3. Physikalisches Institut A RWTH Aachen University Astroteilchenschule Erlangen 11.10.2008

2. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT2 8. - 16.10.08 Outline The Pierre Auger Observatory Physics Motivation High Elevation Auger Telescopes : HEAT Tilt Monitoring Summary and Outlook

3. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT3 8. - 16.10.08 The Pierre Auger Observatory 24 fluorescence telescopes one of four FD buildings (with 6 telescopes each) Water-Cherenkov detector station > 1600 surface detector stations Amarilla Morados Coihueco Leones Southern site near Malargüe, Argentina 12 tons of water ~30000 events > 10 18.5 eV Data taking since 2004/01 Completed 2008 HEAT

4. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT4 8. - 16.10.08 Physics Motivation for the Extension of the Energy Range

5. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT5 8. - 16.10.08 Shower Detection with Baseline Telescopes Shower only reconstructed when shower maximum in field of view Geometric bias for low energy showers

6. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT6 8. - 16.10.08 High Elevation Auger Telescopes 3 additional telescopes close to existing FD building Field of view from 30° to 60°

7. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT7 8. - 16.10.08 HEAT Properties Measurement of cosmic rays with energies down to 10 17 eV Measure composition of cosmic ray primaries Only 3 additional telescopes needed (high statistics at low energies because of steeply falling spectrum) Small distance to existing FD building allows for crosschecks with showers seen in both components

8. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT8 8. - 16.10.08 HEAT Shelters Maintenance Position

9. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT9 8. - 16.10.08 HEAT Shelter Data taking position H. Klages

10. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT10 8. - 16.10.08 Tilt Monitoring Inclination of HEAT shelter leads to changes of relative position inside the optics system Do these changes affect shower reconstruction? => Measure distances and inclinations inside HEAT shelter If the changes are larger than design tolerances: modify mechanics If the changes are still too large: Include them in the optic reconstruction

11. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT11 8. - 16.10.08 Hydraulic Design in Aachen Tilt Monitor Design and Test Setup: J. Calvo, Aachen

12. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT12 8. - 16.10.08 Test Setup of Tilt Monitoring System System of 4 distance 4 inclination 3 temperature sensors installed in bay 6 of Los Leones FD building Goal: Measure distances and inclinations with a resolution ten times better than design tolerances of 0.5 mm und 0.1° Diploma Thesis: J. Calvo

13. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT13 8. - 16.10.08 Test Setup J. Calvo

14. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT14 8. - 16.10.08 Example 1: Distance Variations Variation of 0.1 mm for the distance Shutter – Mirror with temperature variation of 2° C Measured variations much smaller than design tolerances of 5 mm J. Calvo

15. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT15 8. - 16.10.08 Example 2: Inclination Variations Measured variations in inclination smaller than 0.05° for temperature differences of 2 °C. Smaller than design tolerance of ± 0.1°. J. Calvo

16. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT16 8. - 16.10.08 Outlook Shower detection with first HEAT telescope by the end of 2008 Measurement of cosmic rays with energies down to 10 17 eV (spectrum, composition,…) Installation of tilt monitoring system in each HEAT telescope

17. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT17 8. - 16.10.08 End

18. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT18 8. - 16.10.08 Backup Slides

19. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT19 8. - 16.10.08 segmented spherical mirror aperture box: shutter UV pass filter safety curtain corrector lens 440 PMT camera 1.5° per pixel

20. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT20 8. - 16.10.08 Expected Energy Range for HEAT HEAT will lower the Energy range of the Pierre Auger Observatory from 10 18.4 eV to 10 17 eV

21. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT21 8. - 16.10.08 Test Setup: Distance Sensors J. Calvo

22. N. Scharf: HEAT and TILT22 8. - 16.10.08 Test Setup: Inclination Sensors J. Calvo