2. Business Crime Prevention National Crime Prevention Association 2345 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 202-261-4153 FAX 202-296-1356 pharris@ncpc.org www.ncpc.org/ncpa

3. Business Crime Prevention Crime Risks  Burglary  Robbery  Shoplifting  Employee Theft  Credit Card Fraud  Bad Checks  Employee Violence  Terrorism

4. Identifying Crime Risk External Risks  Neighborhood Crime Trends  Crime Generators  Potential Crime Targets

5. Identifying Crime Risk Internal Risks l Type of Business l Property/Assets/Inventory l Cash Business l Perception of Security l Employees

6. Workplace Risk Factors  low staffing  working alone  working late at night/ early in morning  working with money or drugs  guarding property  long waits for services by customers  lack of services

7. Determining Vulnerability Physical Inspection  Zone 1: Property Boundary  Zone 2: Open Space  Zone 3: Building Exterior  Zone 4: Building Interior

8. Sunday was a day of rest in many states. Elimination of Blue Laws increased business exposure to crime by 17%, open 6 days rather than 7. Business Crime

9.  Businesses have become more exposed to robbery, shoplifting and employee theft.  New longer hours attract more customers who expose themselves to more crimes and leave more homes unoccupied. Business Crime

10. The leading cause of death of women in the workplace is murder. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Women Working 1940 - 25% 1950 - 34% 1960 - 38% 1970 - 43% 1980 - 52% 1990 - 58% 1998 - 60%

11. Business Crime National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health 1993 – 2002: average 827 of workplace homicides/yr. Workplace homicides declined dramatically from 1,074 murders in 1993 to 609 in 2002, a 43% decline 46% reduction in workplace homicides among males over the decade while only 28% for females.

12. Burglary Prevention Measures  Fences and Gates  Parking Areas  Open Spaces  Exterior Lighting  Doors  Windows  Locks and Hardware

13. Burglary Prevention Measures  Security Room  Safes  Tools and Equipment  Interior Lighting  Alarms/Security Systems  Key Control  Employee training

14. Robbery Homicide: High Risk Retail Establishments (NIOSH 1998) l Liquor Stores (7.5 /100,000 workers) l Gasoline Stations (4.8) l Jewelry Stores (4.7) l Grocery Stores (3.8) l Eating & Drinking Places (1.5)

15. Robbery Prevention Measures l Policies  Cash Control  Maintenance  Hours of Operation  Staffing  Employee Training

16. Robbery Prevention Measures l Policies  Policies should be in place and in writing.  Employees should be given copies of the policies.  Policies should include procedures for dealing crime.

17. Robbery Prevention Measures l Facility  Escape Routes  Hiding Places  Cash register location  Visibility  Lighting

18. Visibility  Create the fishbowl effect.  Natural Surveillance  Keep signs out of the window or either high or low.

19. Visibility - This

20. Visibility - or This

21. Employee Actions  Employees should greet and make eye contact with customers.  Teach observation skills.  Encourage reporting suspicious activity.  Have cashiers move away from registers.  Hire two employees during high risk times.

22. Cash Control  A strong deterrent to robbery.  Adhere to cash limits.  Use drop safe.  If no drop safe, have manager pull excess money and large bills.

23. Cash Control

24. Opening and Closing  Vulnerable time for robbery.  Opening check the business interior and exterior.  Have time delay safe.  Two people should close and leave through the front door.  Allow employees to move cars near exit.

25. If a robbery happens - Employee Response  Train employees  Treat as a regular transaction  Cooperate  Robber's description  No chasing  No weapons  Protect crime scene

26. After the Robbery  Lock the doors.  Observe vehicle - direction of travel.  Call Police - have #’s posted by phone.  Keep all customers inside.  Give out description form.  Retrieve serial #’s of bait money.  Description exercises.

27. Employee Theft  What is the scope of the problem compared to shoplifting?  How much shrinkage is linked to shoplifting?  How much is linked to employee theft?

28. Employee Theft Warning signs of employee theft.  Alcohol or drug use.  Obsessive gambling.  Financial difficulties.  Disgruntled.  Dishonest tendencies.  Living beyond means of job.  Poor security attitude.

29. Employee Theft Warning signs of employee theft.  Quick to accuse fellow workers.  Volunteers to open &close.  Overly friendly with suppliers & customers.  Works long hours.  Assumes & guards responsibilities.

30. Employee Theft Prevention  Don’t allow employees to keep belongings near register.  Check packages of employees as they leave.  Use clear trash bags check dumpsters.  Have employees park away from store.  Require employees to leave through the front door.

31. Shoplifting Prevention Measures l Policies  Train employees.  Understand shoplifting laws.  Establish clear policies & procedures.  Greet and observe customers.  Check customer’s packages.  Identify property.  Post warnings.

32. Shoplifting PreventionMeasures l Facility  Keep a neat & orderly store.  Enhance visibility.  Restrict access to valuable items.  Keep valuable items away from exits.  Control exits.  Restrict access to certain areas

33. Check Fraud Prevention  When was account opened?  Less than one year is a risk.  The date the account was opened is on the check.  Low check numbers.  Accept valid drivers license.  Scrutinize license & pictures & compare signatures.

34. Check Fraud Prevention  Post check acceptance policy.  Make employees responsible for adhering to check cashing policies.  Have them initial checks for later prosecution.  Keep file of bad check passers.

35. Credit Card Fraud Prevention  Post procedural guidelines for dealing with credit cards near register.  Maintain control of card until transaction is complete.  Obtain two forms of ID.  Compare signatures.  Check expiration.

36. Detecting Fraudulent Transactions  Customer takes card out of pocket rather than wallet.  Customer questions floor limit.  Customer appears to be in a hurry.  Customer attempts to confuse the cashier.  Customer makes indiscriminant purchases without regard to size etc.  Customer can’t produce ID.

37. Business Crime Prevention Program Options  Business Watch  Security Surveys  CPTED  Target Hardening  Employee training  Guards or off duty police

38. Business Crime Prevention Program Options  Policies and procedures  FAX, e-mail information network  Escorts  Rewards for crime tips  Address marking

39. Certified Crime Prevention Business Prince William County Police Department - Virginia

40. Certified Crime Prevention Business Prince William County Police Department §Written policies/procedures that address crimes or threats relevant to your particular business. §Train employees in crime prevention as approved by, or from, the Crime Prevention Unit. §On-site security assessment by Crime Prevention Unit personnel trained in CPTED. §Designate a contact person who can coordinate crime prevention/security issues and act as a liaison with the Police Department.

41. Certified Crime Prevention Business Prince William County Police Department Incentives §Possibility of reduced insurance premiums. §Listing on the Department's website as a member business. §Free risk-reduction/security assessment and report. §Free crime-prevention training/technical assistance in developing written crime prevention policies.

42. Certified Crime Prevention Business Prince William County Police Department Incentives §Crime alerts to member businesses. §Quarterly informative crime-prevention newsletter. §Marketing tool for Certified Crime Prevention Business designation. §A visible sign that sends a clear message that the business is serious about crime prevention.