1. Homer

2. Important Terms
Hero
Epic
Heroic Poetry
Iliad
Odyssey

3. Invocations rhapsode Muse Prayer Request for inspiration
Summary/introduction

4. Invocation in the Iliad
Sing, Goddess, sing of the rage of Achilles, son of Peleus— that murderous anger which condemned Achaeans to countless agonies and hurled many warrior souls deep into Hades, leaving their dead bodies carrion food for dogs and birds— all in fulfillment of the will of Zeus.
Start at the point where Agamemnon, son of Atreus, that king of men, quarreled with noble Achilles. Which of the gods drove these two men to fight?
Iliad I.1-10

5. In medias res landing at Troy
nine years of indecisive warfare, including raids by the Achaeans on Troy's allies
The Iliad
quarrel between Achilles & Agamemnon

7. Grand Assembly
Giovanni Battista Tiepolo ( )

8. William Page Quarrel of Achilles and Agamemnon, ca. 1832

9. Giovanni Battista Tiepolo (1696-1770)

10. Arming Scene
Two-handled jar (neck-amphora) depicting the arming of Achilles. Archaic Period, about 550 B.C. By the Camtar Painter. Attic ceramic, Black Figure. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Inscriptions: "Achilleus," "Thetis”

11. Hephaistos and Thetis, tondo, Attic Red-figure cup by the Foundry Painter, from Vulci, ca BCE

12. Thetis at Hephaestus' forge waiting to receive Achilles' new weapons
Thetis at Hephaestus' forge waiting to receive Achilles' new weapons. From the triclinium of House IX.I.7, Pompeii.

13. Jan Van Dyck. Thetis Receives the Arms and Armor for Achilles from Hephaestus (Venus at the Forge of Vulcan)

14. Elaborate Description
Achilles’ Shield

15. Embassy Scene
Jean-Dominique Ingres, Achilles Greets the Ambassadors of Agamemnon ( )

17. Battle Scene
Menelaus (centre-left) pursues Paris (centre-right) as Aphrodite (left) and Artemis (right) watch on. Side A from an Attic red-figure kylix, ca. 490–460 BC. From Capua. Douris Painter.

18. Hector at death of Patroclus, ca. 500 BC, in Agrigento

19. Epithets
Origin I Home: 'spearmen who lived on the fertile soil of Larisa'
Patronymic: 'Achilles son of Peleus'.
Appearance/State: 'white-armed Andromache; 'fair-haired Menelaus'.
Skill/Art: ‘resourceful Odysseus’; 'swift-footed Achilles' .
Position: Agamemnon, king of men'; 'sacred herald'.
Heroic quality / General: godlike Epeios’; p.2O3 'strong Diomedes’

20. Similes “Diomedes of the great war cry shivered as he saw him,
and like a man in his helplessness who, crossing a great plain,
stand at the edge of a fast-running river that dashes seaward,
and watches it thundering into while water, and leaps a pace backward, now Tydeus’s son gave back, and spoke to his people:
‘Friends, although we know the wonder of glorious Hektor
to be a fighter with the spear and a bold man of battle,
yet there goes ever some god beside him, who beats off destruction, and now, in the likeness of a man mortal, Ares goes with him.
Come then, keeping your faces turned to the Trojans, give ground
Backward, nor be we eager to fight in strength with divinities’”
(5: ).

21. Catalogue
Homer's Iliad and the Catalogue of Ships

22. Divine Machinery in Homeric Epic
The Divine Assembly
Parthenon Frieze
Athena

23. Games
A pottery fragment 580 – 570 BC (Sophilos)

24. François Vase
Museum: Florence, Museo Archeologico Size: 66cm. (volute-crater) Function: convivial Technique: black-figure Style: Miniature black-figure Subject/s: seven figure friezes on the body above one animal frieze; pygmies fight cranes on the foot

25. Jacques-Louis David The Funeral of Patroclus (1779)
Funeral Scene
Jacques-Louis David The Funeral of Patroclus (1779)

27. Katabasis Descent into the Underworld
Odysseus and Elpenor
Odysseus and Tiresias
Odysseus also meets Agamamnon and Achilles
See Odyssey XI

28. Vision of the Future in the Iliad Post-Iliad Stories
arrival of the Amazons as Trojan allies
death of Penthesileia, their queen (killed by Achilles)
assistance of the Ethiopians on the Trojan side
death of Memnon king of the Ethiopians8
death of Achilles (shot by an arrow aimed by Paris & Apollo)
contest for the arms of Achilles between Odysseus & Ajax (see Ovid for details)
suicide of Ajax
arrival of Achilles' son Neoptolemus (or Pyrrhus-"red-haired)
successful attempt to get the bow & arrows of Heracles9
death of Paris (killed by Philoctetes with Heracles' bow)
marriage (?) of Helen & Deiphobus, another of Priam,s sons
theft of the palladium (statue of Athene) by Odysseus and Diomedes
strategy of the wooden horse
story of Sinon & death of Laocoon, priest of Poseidon
FALL OF TROY
death of Priam at the altar (killed by Neoptolemus)
escape of Aeneas
rape of Cassandra by lesser Ajax
sacrifice of Polyxena to Achilles' ghost
murder of Astyanax
enslavement of the Trojan women

29. Epic Scenes and Features
invocation
in medias res
grand assemblies
arming scenes
elaborate descriptions
embassy scenes
battle scenes
epithets
similes
an epic catalogue or list
divine machinery
epic games or contests
funeral scene
a trip to the Underworld
a vision of the future