1. Ways of the World: A Brief Global History First Edition CHAPTER 23 Independence and Development in the Global South 1914–Present Copyright © 2009 by Bedford/St. Martin’s Robert W. Strayer

2. Toward Freedom: Struggles for Independence The End of Empire in World History Explaining African and Asian Independence

3. Comparing Freedom Struggles The Case of India: Ending British Rule The Case of South Africa: Ending Apartheid

4. Experiments with Freedom Experiments in Political Order: Comparing African Nations and India Experiments in Economic Development: Changing Priorities, Varying Outcomes Experiments with Culture: The Role of Islam in Turkey and Iran

5. Chapter 23 Independence and Development in the Global South, 1914–Present Map 23.1 The End of European Empires (p. 694) Map 23.2 South Africa after Apartheid (p. 704) Map 23.3 The “Worlds” of the Twentieth Century (p. 705) Map 23.4 Political Life in Postindependence Africa (p. 709) Spot Map 23.1 The Independence of British South Asia (p. 699) Spot Map 23.2 Iran, Turkey, and the Middle East (p. 715) Nelson Mandela (p. 690) Mahatma Gandhi (p. 697) Independence in Kenya, East Africa (p. 702) Microloans (p. 714) Westernization in Turkey (p. 716) Women and the Iranian Revolution (p. 718)