1. DigCCurr Professional Institute: Curation Practices for the Digital Object Lifecycle Digital Curation Program Development Nancy Y McGovern Research Assistant Professor, ICPSR

2. Topics Scope of a digital curation program Community context Three-legged stool for digital curation Stages of program development

3. Data Curation Digital Preservation Digital Curation + Program Scope

4. COMMUNITY CONTEXT

5. Community Documents Trusted Digital Repositories: Attributes and Responsibilities (RLG/OCLC) http://www.oclc.org/programs/ourwork/past/trustedrep/repositories.pdf OAIS Reference Model (CCSDS) [ISO 14721] http://public.ccsds.org/publications/archive/650x0b1.pdf

6. More Community Documents ISO Digital Archive Audit and Certification Working Group – public draft pending http://wiki.digitalrepositoryauditandcertification.org/bin/view Builds on: Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC): Criteria and Checklist, 2007 http://www.crl.edu/content.asp?l1=13&l2=58&l3=162&l4=91

7. The Three-Legged Stool for a Digital Curation Program Organizational Infrastructure Technological Infrastructure Resources Framework $$$$ Adapted from: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

8. (how) (what) (how much) Adapted from: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

9. Organizational Infrastructure Best framework: TDR Best reflected in: – mission – policy development and implementation – long-term planning – institutional commitment – participation by Producers and Consumers Adapted from: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

10. Attributes of TDR OAIS Compliance Administrative Responsibility Organizational Viability Financial Sustainability Technological and Procedural Suitability System Security Procedural Accountability

11. Role of Policies Developing policies: Defines institutional commitment Demonstrates compliance Manages expectations Defines issues and challenges Raises awareness Identifies roles and responsibilities

12. Organizational Technological High-level organizational policies Lower-level organizational policies Individual policy statements Encoded policy statements Reflect the intentions of the organization Document the decisions of the organization Regulate the actions of the organization Translate organization’s policies into actions Policy Continuum Source: McGovern, 2008

13. Technological Infrastructure Most comprehensive framework: OAIS Combination of: – hardware and software – packaging and re-packaging – network, security, and services – functions and workflow – procedures, protocols, documentation – technical and curation skills Adapted from: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

14. OAIS Reference Model Source: version of high-level OAIS diagram designed for DPM workshop, 2003

15. Avoid Technology Pogo Stick Source: McGovern, DPM Workshop, 2005

16. Resources Framework No community-based articulation comparable to TDR or OAIS – yet… Includes: – staff, training, and development – technology and related developments – outreach and designated community support – other $$$$ Adapted from: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

17. Blue Ribbon Task Force on Sustainable Preservation and Access

18. LIFE² Cost Model

19. Resource Planning Steps 1.Identify cost categories 2.Identify common cost centers 3.Calculate costs 4.Secure resources

20. Secure Resources Get additional funding Recover costs Reduce expenses Reallocate

21. Example: ICPSR Model …with virtually all activities tied to curation

22. Connecting the 3 Legs Source: McGovern, 2005

23. Transparency and Compliance … Source: McGovern, 2005

24. Five Organizational Stages 1.Acknowledge: understanding that digital curation is a shared concern 2.Act: initiating digital preservation projects 3.Consolidate: segueing from projects to programs 4.Institutionalize: incorporating the larger environment and rationalizing programs 5.Externalize: embracing inter-institutional collaboration and dependency Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

25. Stage 1: Key Indicators Organizational infrastructure: often non-existent; implicit policy, or very high level 0101 Technological infrastructure: non-existent or heterogeneous and decentralized; disparate elements $$$$ Resources: generally low, finite, ad hoc financial commitment Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

26. Stage 2: Key Indicators Organizational infrastructure: implicit policy or expressed in general terms, increased evidence of commitment 0101 Technological infrastructure: project-specific and reactive; ad hoc location $$$$ Resources: often project-based funding Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

27. Stage 3: Key Indicators Organizational infrastructure: development of basic and essential policies 0101 Technological infrastructure: assessment of technology investment and requisite infrastructure, shift to proactive mode $$$$ Resources: some funding and support beyond projects, but limited Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

28. Stage 4: Key Indicators Organizational infrastructure: consistent, systematic management; comprehensive policy framework 0101 Technological infrastructure: technology planning anticipates needs; infrastructure investments planned/implemented $$$$ Resources: sustainable funding identified for core program areas and enhancement Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

29. Stage 5: Key Indicators Organizational infrastructure: virtual organizations complement institutional ones; collaboration inherent feature in resource planning 0101 Technological infrastructure: distributed and highly integrated; extra-organizational features and services $$$$ Resources: varying levels of investment, but sustainable funding; possibly distributed financial management Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

30. Using the Stages The 5 Stages: identify steps for developing an organization’s digital (defines a maturity model) provide a way of communicating about digital preservation development enable measuring progress towards programmatic digital preservation goals Source: Kenney and McGovern, 2003

31. Types of Planning and Review Durable Access Planning (ongoing) Self-assessment (internal process) Audit (external review by peers) Development plans (result of audit) Certification (future option?)

32. Source: DPM Workshop, 2003