1. Aim: to what extent did Classical Rome have an influence on Europe during the Middle Ages?

2. Carthage Greece Rome Germanic Invaders Eastern Roman Empire aka the Byzantine Empire Islamic Caliphate Umayyad Emirate Abbassid Emirate Carolingian Empire Vikings Kievan Rus Vikings Turks MONGOLSMONGOLS

4. The quick’ish review is over. Now onto the image analysis. You are going to look at images of four “barbarian” kings.

5. What religion did Charlemagne adhere to? (9 th Century CE / AD) How about…?

6. … Otto the Great of Germany? (936 – 973AD) And… Great, great, great, grandson of Charlemagne and great, great, great, great grandfather of Henry IV of Germany

7. Oleg (and Igor) of Kievan Rus (9 th -10 th Century AD)

9. Why are these three kings of “barbarian” peoples all good examples of cultural diffusion? Their tribes / nations all converted to Christianity after migrating into lands influenced by the cultural remnants of the Roman Empire.

10. Aim: to what extent did Classical Rome have an influence on Europe during the Middle Ages?

11. 395 CE

12. Orthodox Christianity Catholicism (and Protestantism after 1600CE) Islam 711 until 1492 Islam What is the connection between the Roman Empire and the spread of Christianity? Look at location.

13. Now, to analyze something new…..

14. Languages of the Roman Empire The two most widely spoken languages of the Roman empire were Latin and Greek The Byzantines used Greek after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

15. Latin Alphabet A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Established evidence.

16. Where are Cyrillic and the Latin alphabets used?

17. Cyrillic Alphabet Used by Russian, Bulgarian, and several other Slavic languages Notice any similarities to any other alphabets?

18. Latin Alphabet A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

19. Where are Cyrillic and the Latin alphabets used?

20. Gothic Alphabet Does this alphabet look familiar?

21. Latin Alphabet A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Gothic Alphabet

22. Where are Cyrillic and the Latin alphabets used?

23. Can you name any modern languages that have evolved out of any of the languages spoken within the Roman Empire? Spanish French Romanian Italian Portuguese (Modern) Greek Galician Catalan

24. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Language Map

25. Fin

26. Aim: to what extent is Gothic Architecture a reflection of Western Roman influence?

27. Aim: To what extent did Classical Rome have an influence on Europe during the Middle Ages?

28. Aim: to what extent did Roman engineering have an impact on Medieval religious architecture?

29. Eastern Rome Eastern Roman Empire aka the Byzantine Empire after 476CE. Eastern Europe.

30. How about (Church) Architecture? Hagia Sophia

33. St. Sophias in Novgorod, Russia.

34. St. Basils in Moscow

35. Western Rome The Western Roman Empire Think; Western Europe.

37. Romanesque Architecture

39. Gothic Architecture and Engineering

40. Cologne Cathedral, Germany. Gothic Architecture ►

41. A flying buttress is a free-standing buttress attached to the main structure by an arch or a half- arch. It reinforces and stabilizes the walls of the entire structure allowing the builders to include larger windows. Flying Buttress Illustration from ArtToday.com

45. Canterbury Cathedral, England.

55. Roman Culture (East and or West) had an impact on the Middle Ages in the following ways: Religion Language and or Alphabets and Architecture (Even more) Patriarchal and Classist Examples ?

56. However, Western Europe, outside of Umayyad Spain, and Eastern Europe outside of the Byzantine Empire, did not generally benefit from Greek and Roman (What is missing?) philosophy, art, literature and science until the latter Middle Ages, the dawn of the Renaissance.

57. Aim: To what extent did Classical Rome have an influence on Europe during the Middle Ages?

58. Byzantine Empire Islamic Caliphate Umayyad Emirate Carolingian Empire “Germany” Holy Roman Empire Vikings Kievan Rus Turks

59. Fin

61. “Roman and then Byzantine Empires” 5 th Century CE / AD

62. Rome Germanic Invaders Eastern Roman Empire / aka the Byzantine Empire Islamic Caliphate Carolingian Empire Seljuk Turks And Ottoman Turks MONGOLSMONGOLS Vikings

64. Orthodox Christianity Catholicism (and Protestantism after 1600CE) Islam 711 until 1492 Islam What is the connection between the Roman Empire and the spread of Christianity? Look at location.