1. What’s the Deal with Emissions Lesson 3

2. Fuel efficiency affects the environment In the form of emissions –emission: release of a particle or substance –Two categories Criteria pollutants –Regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and The Clean Air Act (CAA) Non-criteria pollutants –Not regulated but still harmful

3. Criteria Pollutants EPA and CAA have set standards for 6 criteria pollutants –Carbon Monoxide –Oxides of Nitrogen –Particulate Matter –Ozone –Oxides of Sulfur –Lead more info Video

4. Your task:  Find as much information as you can in the next 10 minutes!  Use the website on the wiki  Focus on these topics: 6 criteria pollutants Dangers of these emissions Where do they come from?

5. Carbon Monoxide Low levels –Can intensify cardiovascular disease High levels –Damage to central nervous system Extreme levels –Can cause death In USA 56% (or up to 95% in cities) emitted from vehicles One of the major contributors to global warming

6. Oxides of Nitrogen ► Damage respiratory ► Numerous environmental problems  Acid rain  Climate change  Poor water quality  Air toxins  Ground-level ozone more info more infomore info  Particulate matter (see next slide) ► Approx 55% of man-made comes from motor vehicles

7. Particulate Matter complex mixture of extremely small particles and liquid droplets Asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, heart and lung disease Contaminates farmlands, and other ecosystems 2 groups –Inhalable coarse particles: such as those found near roadways and dusty industries –Fine particles: found in emissions (power plants, vehicles, fires, industrial) –more infomore info

8. Ozone Oxygen atoms combined with oxides of nitrogen in the presence of sunlight Bad when it is lower or ground-level  Reduces lung function  Increases asthma and other respiratory illnesses  Permanent lung damage  Can damage plant tissue and farms

9. Oxides of Sulfur Highly reactive gasses Highly reactive gasses Mostly from power plants and industries Mostly from power plants and industries Small amounts from vehicles Small amounts from vehicles Forms particulate matter Forms particulate matter Lung illnesses Lung illnesses Heart and lung disease Heart and lung disease

10. Lead ► Successfully removed from gas ► No longer a concern from emissions ► Brain and nervous-system damage mostly in children