1. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna WP3 Activities 3.3: Recycling re-use of quarry and demolition wastes POLITECNICO DI TORINO (sub-contractor) Gian Andrea Blengini, PhD. Elena Garbarino, PhD. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION PRODUCERS OF RECYCLED AGGREGATES Giorgio Bressi

2. Raw Material Extraction Processing Production Use and Maintenance Disposal LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) ISO 14040 STANDARD SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 Action 3.3.a:(ANPAR, IGME, IGR, GeoZS, METE) Preparation of life cycle analyses of primary & secondary aggregates Reuse Recycling LCA identifies and quantifies energy and materials used, as well as releases to the environment and their potential impacts throughout the whole life cycle “from-cradle-to-grave”

3. . SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 …recycling can avoid landfill and partially displace environmental impacts of quarrying, but it is responsible of impacts related to re-processing and might increase transport-related impacts Subsystems in the life cycle of C&DW AVOIDED LANDFILL COLLECTION RECYCLING DELIVERY of Recycled Aggregates (RA) AVOIDED PRODUCTION of Natural Aggregates (NA) (and Steel (RS)) “from-grave-to-cradle”

4. CERETTO QUARRY South of Torino, left side of Po river Production 500 000 t/a ECOPROFILES OF NATURAL AGGREGATES (from-cradle-to-gate) SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 From-cradle-to-gate Potential Environmental Impacts (data per 1 ton) UnitGravelSand Gravel & sand Gravel, crushe d Gravel & sand, round Gravel & sand, crushed Gravel & sand, round ETH-ESU IDEMATEcoinvent Boustead DITAG Energy resources, GERMJ162.6 152. 0 114.2135.057.8107.175.767.7 Global warming, GWP CO 2 eqkg10.410.08.74.22.36.75.74.6 Acidification, mol H+ eqmol1.691.592.970.880.572.182.431.70 Eutrophication, O 2 eqkg0.28 0.620.190.130.430.610.32 Photochemical smog, C 2 H 4 eqg0.540.530.160.350.120.130.080.06 Waste generationkgxx0.48xxxx0.03 BACKGROUND RESEARCH

5. STATIONARY C&DW RECYCLING PLANT South of Torino Production 150000 t/a dry processing of mixed C&DW SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 From-cradle-to-gate Potential Environmental Impacts (data per 1 ton) Unit 0/10 mm 0/8 mm 0/40 mm 8/40 mm 40/100 mm 0/100 mm Average Cavit 2002 Average Cavit 2002 Processing + handling + delivery 15km(no transport) Energy Resources, GERMJ66.975.476.677.3 76.876.344.5 Global warming, GWP CO 2 eqkg5.05.5 5.6 5.5 3.1 Acidification, mol H+ eqmol2.012.332.352.36 2.352.341.32 Eutrophication, O 2 eqkg0.480.49 0.23 Photochemical smog, C 2 H 4 eqg0.070.08 0.04 Waste generationkg0.600.541.081.37 1.161.08 BACKGROUND RESEARCH ECOPROFILES OF RECYCLED AGGREGATES (from-gate-to-gate)

6. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 EXPECTED RESULTS FROM THE LCA ANALYSIS OF THE RECYCLING CHAIN AVOIDED LANDFILL COLLECTIONRECYCLINGRA DELIV. NA DELIVERY AVOIDED IMPACTS NAT. AGGREG. STEEL AVOIDED IMPACTS INDUCED IMPACTS

7. . SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 TypologyNARANA/RA Stationary1835 Semi- mobile 275 Mobile115811 Total316821 Stationary plants Semi-mobile plants Mobile plants A + B + C B + C C Recycled aggregates Type A: high quality RA for concrete and road construction (high Q) Type B: medium quality RA for road and harbour construction Type C: low quality RA for environmental filling and site rehabilitation BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY) Around 90 plants considered

8. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 -TERRITORY COVERAGE OF MARKET DEMAND -ESTIMATION OF TRANSPORTATION DISTANCES (IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION TO THE IMPACTS)  TRANSPORTATION NETWORK NEEDS OPTIMISATION BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY) LCA-GIS MODEL

9. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 Land use Transformation, from pasture and meadow0.08m2m2 Occupation, dump site0.08*16m2am2a Transformation, to industrial area, vegetation0.08m2m2 Materials/fuels (operation of landfill) Electricity1.14kWh Diesel20.23MJ Water2.6m3m3 Construction of landfill facility Concrete13.85kg Waterproof barrier0.47kg Reinforcing steel0.34kg Bentonite9.93kg Gravel47.10kg Polyethylene mesh0.43kg Polyethylene pipe network0.02kg Excavation, hydraulic digger & loader1m3m3 Inventory data for C&DW landfill (data per 1 t) EXAMPLE OF DATA NEEDED FOR THE FUTURE LCA MODELS IN SARMa BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY)

10. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 Inventory of Collection of C&DW CollectionRouteLorryDistance Direct collection 43%work site  treatment plant 50%3.5-16 t20 km 50%>16 t25 km Indirect collection 19% work site  collection centre 50%<3.5 t15 km 50%3.5-16 t15 km collection centre  treatment plant 100 % >16 t25 km In-situ recycling 38% mobile plant transportation ( * ) 100 % >32 t100 km EXAMPLE OF DATA NEEDED FOR THE FUTURE LCA MODELS IN SARMa BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY)

11. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 Inventory data for C&DW recycling (data per 1 t) MobileSemi-mobileStationary % number of plants%77.513.59.0 % mass (based on authorizations)%47.524.827.7 Land use Occupation, industrial aream2am2a0.20.120.10 Materials/fuels Hammers/jawskg0.0135 0.0327 Waterkg6.7 Lube oilkg0.001 Polyurethane screenkg0.0146 Steel screenkg0.00300.0105 Synthetic rubberkg0.0043 Diesell0.6880.7060.680 ElectricityMJ3.605 Output to recycling/disposal Recycled aggregate type Akg--49.5 Recycled aggregate type Bkg-697.6911.6 Recycled aggregate type Ckg997.630036.5 Steel scrap to recyclingkg2.4 EXAMPLE OF DATA NEEDED FOR THE FUTURE LCA MODELS IN SARMa BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY)

12. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 Resources & Land use Gravel, in ground1.04t Water1.38m3m3 Occupation, mineral extraction site0.0125*13m2am2a Transformation, from forest0.0125m2m2 Transformation, to mineral extraction site0.0125m2m2 Materials/fuels Diesel4.904MJ Electricity10.803MJ Light fuel oil2.44MJ Hammers/jaws0.0112kg Steel screen0.02t Lubricating oil0.00181kg Steel0.013kg Synthetic rubber0.0073kg Tap water10.1kg Infrastructure and recultivation Quarry infrastructure1/(500000*30)Unit Recultivation0.0125m2m2 Inventory data for Natural aggregate quarrying (data per 1 t) EXAMPLE OF DATA NEEDED FOR THE FUTURE LCA MODELS IN SARMa BACKGROUND CASE STUDY: LCA OF C&D WASTE MANAGEMENT IN TURIN (ITALY)

13. . AL: Fushe Kruje, GR: Vermio, Vavdos/Gerakini, Laka, Mandalos, Araxos, IT: Nerviano, Legnano RO: Moldova Noua, Deva SI: V. Pirešica, Sežana, Hotavlje, Dogoše, Novo mesto, Stahovica SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 LCA MODELS – CASE STUDIES FOR SARMa NERVIANO

14. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna 3.3 Recycling WP3 WORKPLAN -Participants will be given a list of information and data that are needed to conduct Life Cycle Analysis -Tables to be filled in with request of site specific data will be sent to the participants -Instructions and support will be provided by ANPAR-POLITO Expected results and deliverables: Anpar will provide manual on conduct of life cycle analyses including a number of case studies.

15. SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource Management Kick off meeting 15-17 June 2009 Bologna Thank you for your attention blengini@polito.it elena.garbarino@polito.it POLITECNICO DI TORINO (sub-contractor) g.bressi@anpar.org