1. Pinyin Initials and Finals “Flower” - in pinyin: huāhuā –“h” is the initialh –“uā” is the final.uā “China” - in pinyin: zhōng guózhōng guó –zhōng means middle. Initial: “zh” Final: “ōng”zhōngzhōng –guó means country. Initial: “g” Final: “uó”guóguó

2. Initials b, p, m, f d, t, n, l g, k, h j, q, x, z, c, s, zh, ch, sh, r y, w http://www.instantspeakchin ese.com/pinyin/pinyinInitial s.cfm

3. 拼音教学录像 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_bkxliz _7A&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_bkxliz _7A&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U72hN_ g9pss&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U72hN_ g9pss&feature=related

4. Spelling Rules for y If there is no initial before i, in the combinations ia, ie, iao, iu, ian, iang, i is written as y ya ye yao you yan yang

5. Spelling Rules for y Before in, ing, and oyin ying yo

6. Spelling Rules for y If there is no initial before ü, add y, and drop the two dotsü yu yuan yue yun

7. Spelling rules for w u becomes w if not proceeded by an initial wa wai wan wang wei wen weng wo

8. Spelling Rules for w u by itself ueng is written as ong wu tong, dong, nong, long

9. Spelling Rules An aspostraphe is used to separate two syllables with connecting vowels shi’er xi’an

10. 拼音录像 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3h- C0agoZrg&NR=1http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3h- C0agoZrg&NR=1 带口型演示

11. Finals (a) (o) (e) (i) (u) (ü) (vowels)aoeiuü ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iüü ie, üe, erüe an, en, in ang, eng, ing, ong [ng] http://www.instantspeakchinese.com/pinyin/pinyinInitials.cfm

12. Pinyin Pronunciation Table http://www.chinese- tools.com/learn/chinese/anexe- pinyin.html

13. Exercise Pronunciation tool - http://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/pinyin.htmlhttp://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/pinyin.html Pinyin editor - http://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/pinyin-editor.htmlhttp://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/pinyin-editor.html Mouse input method - http://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/mouse.htmlhttp://www.chinese- tools.com/tools/mouse.html

14. xiǎo wáng hé xiǎo lǐ shì tóng xué. xiǎo wáng shì ying guó rén,tā xǐ huān dǎ qiú, kàn diàn shì hé kàn shū. xiǎo lǐ shì měi guó rén,tā xǐ huān tīng yīn yuè, chàng gē hé tiào wǔ. tā mén dōu xǐ huān kàn diàn yǐng, kě shì xiǎo wáng zhǐ xǐ huān kàn měi guó diàn yǐng. xiǎo lǐ jué de měi guó diàn yǐng méi yǒu yì si, tā zhǐ xǐ huān kàn wàn guó diàn yǐng. tā jué de zhōng guó diàn yǐng hěn yǒu yì si.