1. Grammar and Spelling Review Created just for you!

2. Capitalization Always capitalize the following: 1.The first word in a quote 2.Cities, states, and countries 3.First and last word in titles, as well as major words. 4.Specific places and people (proper nouns) 5.Languages, days of the week, months 6.Mom or Dad if it replaces their name. Aunt or uncle if it accompanies a name. 7.The pronoun I 8.The first word in a sentence Always capitalize the following: 1.The first word in a quote 2.Cities, states, and countries 3.First and last word in titles, as well as major words. 4.Specific places and people (proper nouns) 5.Languages, days of the week, months 6.Mom or Dad if it replaces their name. Aunt or uncle if it accompanies a name. 7.The pronoun I 8.The first word in a sentence

3. Pronouns  Replace nouns  Always mention the other person first  If you don’t know which pronoun to use, cover up the other person’s name and see which way makes sense.  Replace nouns  Always mention the other person first  If you don’t know which pronoun to use, cover up the other person’s name and see which way makes sense.

4. Commas  Use them between a city and state  Use between two complete sentences that are joined by conjunctions (and, but, or, so)  Use when you have items in a series  After direct address of a person (Jim, could you bring me your paper?)  Use them between a city and state  Use between two complete sentences that are joined by conjunctions (and, but, or, so)  Use when you have items in a series  After direct address of a person (Jim, could you bring me your paper?)

5. Adjectives that compare  Make sure there is a comparison, then decide how many things are being compared.  If two things are being compared you will use -er. If three or more things are being compared, you will use -est.  Exceptions!!!!! If the word ends with ful, - able, or has 3 syllables (most of the time), you will use more or most with the word.  Make sure there is a comparison, then decide how many things are being compared.  If two things are being compared you will use -er. If three or more things are being compared, you will use -est.  Exceptions!!!!! If the word ends with ful, - able, or has 3 syllables (most of the time), you will use more or most with the word.

6. Adverbs  Make sure that there is a comparison being made.  If you are comparing 2 things: use -er  If you are comparing more than 2 things: use -est  If the adverb ends in -ly or is more than 3 syllables (most of the time), use more or most  Make sure that there is a comparison being made.  If you are comparing 2 things: use -er  If you are comparing more than 2 things: use -est  If the adverb ends in -ly or is more than 3 syllables (most of the time), use more or most

7. Irregular Verbs Remember that brung, brang, and bringed are not words!!!!!! PresentPastPast with had, have runranrun writewrotewritten taketooktaken rideroderidden swimswamswum makemademade thinkthoughtthought blowblewblown flyflewflown Remember that brung, brang, and bringed are not words!!!!!! PresentPastPast with had, have runranrun writewrotewritten taketooktaken rideroderidden swimswamswum makemademade thinkthoughtthought blowblewblown flyflewflown

8. Confusing Words  To= in a direction  Too= in excess  Two= the number 2  Their= belonging to them  There= over there (not here)  They’re= they are  Your= belongs to you  You’re= you are  To= in a direction  Too= in excess  Two= the number 2  Their= belonging to them  There= over there (not here)  They’re= they are  Your= belongs to you  You’re= you are

9. Apostrophes  Used for contractions and possessive nouns  In contractions, it replaces the missing letters  If you are showing ownership with a noun, you will add an apostrophe. After you have added the apostrophe, look to see if there is an s already there, if not you will add an s.  YOU NEVER USE AN APOSTROPHE WITH POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS! (ours, theirs, yours, its)  Used for contractions and possessive nouns  In contractions, it replaces the missing letters  If you are showing ownership with a noun, you will add an apostrophe. After you have added the apostrophe, look to see if there is an s already there, if not you will add an s.  YOU NEVER USE AN APOSTROPHE WITH POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS! (ours, theirs, yours, its)

10. Spelling Rules  When a word ends in y, look at the letter before it. If that letter is a vowel, you will leave the y. If that letter is a consonant, change the y to an I before adding the ending.  If a word ends in e and the suffix you are adding begins with a vowel, drop the e before adding the suffix.  When a word ends in y, look at the letter before it. If that letter is a vowel, you will leave the y. If that letter is a consonant, change the y to an I before adding the ending.  If a word ends in e and the suffix you are adding begins with a vowel, drop the e before adding the suffix.

11. Spelling Rules cont.  If a one syllable word ends with a vowel and a consonant, you will double the consonant before you add the suffix.  i before e, except after c or when it sounds like long a.  To make the plural of nouns that end in s,x,z, sh, or ch, you need to add -es.  If a one syllable word ends with a vowel and a consonant, you will double the consonant before you add the suffix.  i before e, except after c or when it sounds like long a.  To make the plural of nouns that end in s,x,z, sh, or ch, you need to add -es.

12. Revise and Edit  Make sure that you make your changes as you go through the passage.  Substitute possible answer choices in the sentence and find the one that makes the most sense.  Most of the time (95-99%) you will make a change.  If you are rewriting the ideas in a sentence, the correct answer is only one sentence long!  Make sure that you make your changes as you go through the passage.  Substitute possible answer choices in the sentence and find the one that makes the most sense.  Most of the time (95-99%) you will make a change.  If you are rewriting the ideas in a sentence, the correct answer is only one sentence long!

13. Revise and Edit cont.  Bubble your answers clearly. Do not mark the bubbles on any other part of the test.

14. Compositions  Reread the prompt 3 times before beginning your plan.  Circle the phrase in the reminder box that tells you what you should look for when editing your final draft.  Your plan should be solid and detailed.  Reread your plan to make sure it addresses the prompt before you move on to the first draft.  Reread the prompt 3 times before beginning your plan.  Circle the phrase in the reminder box that tells you what you should look for when editing your final draft.  Your plan should be solid and detailed.  Reread your plan to make sure it addresses the prompt before you move on to the first draft.

15. Compositions cont.  Write 3 leads and 3 endings before you begin. Choose the one that makes you most want to write.  Reread your first draft and make sure it addresses the prompt.  Revisions are made in your first draft.  Write your final draft ONLY in the box (this includes the title).  Write 3 leads and 3 endings before you begin. Choose the one that makes you most want to write.  Reread your first draft and make sure it addresses the prompt.  Revisions are made in your first draft.  Write your final draft ONLY in the box (this includes the title).

16. Compositions cont.  Edit your final draft and reread it for all the areas that are listed in the box on the prompt page. You should reread your draft once for each area you are looking for (capitalization, spelling, usage, punctuation, and sentence sense).  When you are editing, touch each word as you reread your draft.  Spiral the prompt idea through your paper.  Make your reader FEEL something (make them laugh, cry, be shocked, or sad).  Remain in the same verb tense throughout your story.  Edit your final draft and reread it for all the areas that are listed in the box on the prompt page. You should reread your draft once for each area you are looking for (capitalization, spelling, usage, punctuation, and sentence sense).  When you are editing, touch each word as you reread your draft.  Spiral the prompt idea through your paper.  Make your reader FEEL something (make them laugh, cry, be shocked, or sad).  Remain in the same verb tense throughout your story.

17. Reminders  I cannot answer questions for you on the day of the test  NO CELL PHONES!  Nothing in your desk on the day of the test  Eat a good breakfast  Be on time!!  Get a good night of sleep  I can only pick up one test at a time. This takes a bit of time to do, so be patient  No talking during the test and no talking in the hallways that day.  I cannot answer questions for you on the day of the test  NO CELL PHONES!  Nothing in your desk on the day of the test  Eat a good breakfast  Be on time!!  Get a good night of sleep  I can only pick up one test at a time. This takes a bit of time to do, so be patient  No talking during the test and no talking in the hallways that day.

18.  You have plenty of time to take the test  Take your time and work carefully  I will provide pencils on the day of the test.  Your composition should be 1 ½-2 pages  It DOES NOT have to be true, just believable.  Most of the prompts say “write about a time you….” or “tell about a time you….” It is a personal narrative, make them feel like it happened to YOU!  Use vivid verbs, color words, great transitions, and paragraphing.  RELAX! You will do great. You know all that you need to know.  Good luck! I know you can do it!  You have plenty of time to take the test  Take your time and work carefully  I will provide pencils on the day of the test.  Your composition should be 1 ½-2 pages  It DOES NOT have to be true, just believable.  Most of the prompts say “write about a time you….” or “tell about a time you….” It is a personal narrative, make them feel like it happened to YOU!  Use vivid verbs, color words, great transitions, and paragraphing.  RELAX! You will do great. You know all that you need to know.  Good luck! I know you can do it!