1. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu 1 Lagrangian Interpolation Major: All Engineering Majors Authors: Autar Kaw, Jai Paul http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu Transforming Numerical Methods Education for STEM Undergraduates

2. Lagrange Method of Interpolation http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu

3. 3 What is Interpolation ? Given (x 0,y 0 ), (x 1,y 1 ), …… (x n,y n ), find the value of ‘y’ at a value of ‘x’ that is not given.

4. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu4 Interpolants Polynomials are the most common choice of interpolants because they are easy to: Evaluate Differentiate, and Integrate.

5. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu5 Lagrangian Interpolation

6. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu6 Example The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a function of time in Table 1. Find the velocity at t=16 seconds using the Lagrangian method for linear interpolation. Table Velocity as a function of time Figure. Velocity vs. time data for the rocket example (s) (m/s) 00 10227.04 15362.78 20517.35 22.5602.97 30901.67

7. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu7 Linear Interpolation

8. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu8 Linear Interpolation (contd)

9. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu9 Quadratic Interpolation

10. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu10 Example The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a function of time in Table 1. Find the velocity at t=16 seconds using the Lagrangian method for quadratic interpolation. Table Velocity as a function of time Figure. Velocity vs. time data for the rocket example (s) (m/s) 00 10227.04 15362.78 20517.35 22.5602.97 30901.67

11. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu11 Quadratic Interpolation (contd)

12. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu12 Quadratic Interpolation (contd) The absolute relative approximate error obtained between the results from the first and second order polynomial is

13. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu13 Cubic Interpolation

14. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu14 Example The upward velocity of a rocket is given as a function of time in Table 1. Find the velocity at t=16 seconds using the Lagrangian method for cubic interpolation. Table Velocity as a function of time Figure. Velocity vs. time data for the rocket example (s) (m/s) 00 10227.04 15362.78 20517.35 22.5602.97 30901.67

15. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu15 Cubic Interpolation (contd)

16. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu16 Cubic Interpolation (contd) The absolute relative approximate error obtained between the results from the first and second order polynomial is

17. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu17 Comparison Table Order of Polynomial 123 v(t=16) m/s393.69392.19392.06 Absolute Relative Approximate Error --------0.38410%0.033269%

18. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu18 Distance from Velocity Profile Find the distance covered by the rocket from t=11s to t=16s ?

19. http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu19 Acceleration from Velocity Profile, Find the acceleration of the rocket at t=16s given that

20. Additional Resources For all resources on this topic such as digital audiovisual lectures, primers, textbook chapters, multiple-choice tests, worksheets in MATLAB, MATHEMATICA, MathCad and MAPLE, blogs, related physical problems, please visit http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu/topics/lagrange_ method.html

21. THE END http://numericalmethods.eng.usf.edu