1. Long Term Development Plan Alpine Skiing Fundamental – Train To Win Plan

2. Current Grouping by Age in Canada 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 NG K star K1K2FIS J1J2SR

3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 NGK1K2 FIS J1J2SR Training phases in Canada - AIM Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K star

4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1K2 J1J2SR neuralgeneralreproductive FIS Influences of maturation... …just a few!!

5. PHV of average maturing male 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W 12 10 8 6 4 2 K2 J1 age cm

6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W 12 10 8 6 4 2 K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight cm age Opportunities of optimum development

7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 Athlete is in the T2T phase until PHV curve is low. In this example, T2T is until age 16, moving T2C phase to 20 ABC Motor Co strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 Age cm aerobic Anaerobic Adapting the ‘Train to Train’ phase

8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 Age aerobic Anaerobic

9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 Age aerobic Anaerobic

10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Skill introduction, basic technical skills (stance, balance, timing, coordination, edging, steering), various terrain (bumps, jumps, powder, limited gate training), 1-2 days/week (12 weeks), FUN! Off snow: Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, ABC development, FUN! Nutrition: educate parents Equipment: good quality, not necessarily high end CLUB

11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: basic skill development, Christmas and spring camp +12 weekends, 2 days/week, introduction to gate training, 90% technical event training (GS, SL), FUN! Races: 2 events (team oriented, skill tested), local and zone Off snow: Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, dryland 2/week, simple core and stabilizer muscle strength training, flexibility, FUN! Testing: height = 2/year Don’t forget: nutrition Equipment: good quality, up to date, designed for growth CLUB

12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T (1) T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: skill improvement, 1 summer camp, 1 fall camp, Christmas and spring camp +15 weekends, 3 days/week on snow, 85% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=50% Racing: 3 events (zone) and 1 peak event (provincially) Don’t forget: nutrition Equipment: education of tuning of equipment, specialized skis (1 pair/tech. event), fit to accommodate changes in growth Off snow: Cross training, year round multi-sport participation, dryland 3/week in fall, simple strength and plyometric training, core and stabilizer muscle strength training, flexibility, basic aerobic and anaerobic training Testing: field testing 2/year Mental: Goal setting (daily), strategies for training CLUB B2B

13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T (2) T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: continue skill improvement, 2 summer camp, 2 fall camp, Christmas and spring camp +15 weekends, 4 days/week on snow, 75% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=50% Racing: 3 minor events (zone) and 1 minor peak event (provincial), 1 major peak (regional) Don’t forget: nutrition Equipment: specialized skis (1 pair/tech. Event, 1 speed), fit for performance, more precise knowledge of tuning, Off snow: Cross training, specialized dryland – fall and winter, dryland 3-4/week in fall, 1-2 in winter, mainly aerobic training, some anaerobic and anatomical adaptation to weight training, flexibility and core maintenance Testing: field testing 3/year Mental: yearly goal setting, start to develop race routines Education: cooperation of teachers and school CLUB B2B

14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T (3) T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: skill improvement, 2 summer camp, 3 fall camp, mid December-April = 4 days/week, 80% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=55% Racing: 5-6 minor events (regional), 1 major peak (Jr. Nationals), max.=25 races (20 tech, 5 speed) Nutrition: proper diet to maximize strength and mass Equipment: specialized skis (2 pair/tech. Event, 2 speed), fit for performance, yearly update Off snow: Specialized 10-12 month dryland, focus on building strength, power and alactic systems, maintaining ABC’s, aerobic, flexibility and core Testing: field testing 3/year, region database Mental: yearly goal setting, pre-race routines, individualized mental strategies, quarter year evaluations Education: cooperation of school and teachers, academies, sport schools CLUB B2B

15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: skill refinement, 45-50 days before competition, 3-5 days/week in season, 70% technical events (GS, SL), gate training=60%, recovery planning Racing: 30-35 starts, Multi peaks (regional, national, continental) Proper scheduling of qualifying events Equipment: testing, sponsorships, understanding own needs, communication with reps, What is needed!! Off snow: Specialized 12 month individualized dryland, balancing all aspects of physical training, maximizing size and power, Testing: field testing 3/year, 2 lab tests, national database Education: balanced accordingly or completed, coaching certifications Mental: self awareness, self directed, monthly evaluations Provincial Development

16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 ABC Motor Co Anaerobic aerobic strength weight 12 10 8 6 4 2 cm On snow: Training: skill precision, 55-60 days before competition period, 3-5 days/week in season, Event specialization (speed vs. tech events), gate training=60%, recovery planning Racing: variable as per athlete’s needs, proper management and scheduling of events Equipment: sponsorships and financial incentives, service and support staff, state-of-art equipment for evaluations Off snow: Multi year plan to peak for important events Testing: field testing 4/year, 3 lab tests, international database Mental: multi year plan to peak for important events, monthly to weekly evaluations National

17. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 Resources Costs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Numbers of participants Program factors that influence athlete development Coaching Expertise

18. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 Resources Costs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Numbers of participants (New T2T) Programs factors that influence athlete development Coaching Expertise

19. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Days away from school Retention factors that influence athlete development Importance of recruitment Importance of identification Importance of selection

20. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Days away from school New (T2T) Retention factors that influence athlete development Importance of recruitment Importance of identification Importance of selection

21. Talent Identification… System that allows growth and maturation Target the elite in each “pool population”; not athletes detected early in their career Measures more than results but also psychological, and social variables Allow coaches input to count …and Selection Allow the identified to have time to prepare for the next level Various criteria (past results, skills, psychological, physical, attitude, ?financial? An objective ranking system that makes it harder for the first years to make BC Team and with focus more on 2 nd years + (or even 3 rd years +)

22. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Physiological/Psychological factors that influence athlete development Importance of genetics stress identityintimacygenerativity “Crossroads “Crossroads”

23. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 (New T2T) Physiological/Psychological factors that influence athlete development Importance of genetics stress identityintimacygenerativity “Crossroads “Crossroads”

24. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 System factors that influence athlete development club Club B2B Club FIS B2B National current provincial

25. NG K star K1 FIS J2SR Fun. L2T T2T T2C T2W K2 J1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 (New T2T) System factors that influence athlete development club Club B2B Club FIS B2B National Development proposed Provincial

26. Summary of changes to current system Use PHV as a tool to determine timeline for optimizing Aerobic, Strength and Weight gains Consider the athlete in the T2T phase until PHV curve is low (end of growth spurt) - athlete must be fully trained for training before moving to T2C (body fully developed) - late developing athletes may have to move to T2C phase before PHV curve is low - early developing athletes may spend little time in their FIS years before going to T2C phase Improve coaching expertise at T2T phase to encourage proper development of athletes based on their biological age. Identify athletes based on their growth and maturation and then select athletes to provincial and national teams Improve education system to accommodate athletic pursuits Change current system to accommodate late maturing athletes Current: club club/B2B provincial national ages:6-10 11-1715-2018+ levels NG/KS K1/K2/FIS (yr1-3)FIS (yr2-5)FIS (3+) Proposed: club club/B2B B2B develop provincial national ages6-10 11-15 16-18 17-1917-2119+ NG/KS K1/K2/FIS (y r2-4)FIS (yr 3-5)FIS (yr3-7)FIS (yr 5+) FIS (yr1)

27. Factors influenced by varying growth and maturation timelines Timeline for training Aerobic, Strength and Weight Optimizing genetic potential Optimizing combination of skill and body maturation Maturity in psychological aspects Motivation to continue ski racing Skill Acquisition Opportunities Timeline for identification and selection J. Bloom – Talent Identification and Profiling, “..many coaches have observed that early maturers…neglect their skill development…[late maturers] develop their skills earlier to perform well…when fully developed… their physical capacity level is just as high, but their skills are better.”