1. “FIRE SAFETY IS OUR MAIN CONCERN” Presented by: CINSP ARVIN REX AGUSTIN AFALLA, BFP Deputy District Fire Marshal for ADMIN con. District OPRNS Chief MANILA FIRE DISTRICT BFP-NCR

2. Objectives of the Presentation: Understand BFP as an organization and its operation; Understand BFP as an organization and its operation; Tragic FIRES in the Philippines; Tragic FIRES in the Philippines; Understand the Concept and Principles of Fire Behavior; Understand the Concept and Principles of Fire Behavior; Fire Safety Tips and Others!! Fire Safety Tips and Others!! Establishment of Fire Brigades Establishment of Fire Brigades

4. BRIEF HISTORY OF THE BFP 1900 - The first fire department was established in Manila during the American occupation 1940 - Fire departments were established in neighboring cities and towns each has their own organizational set-up 1975 - Integration of the local fire departments in city/municipality police forces under a national police organization called the Philippine Constabulary - Integrated National Police(PC-INP) 1990- Republic Act No. 6975 was enacted establishing a separate fire protection bureau designed to be a national in scope and civilian in character A. BFP as an Organization

5. Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: 1.Be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on: Buildings, houses and other structures; Forest; Land transportation vehicles and equipment; Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves anchored in major sea ports; Petroleum industry installations; Plane crashes; and Other similar incidents.

6. Bureau of Fire Protection was created by virtue of RA 6975 primarily to perform the following functions: 2.Be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines 2008 (RA 9514) and other related laws; 3.Shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires and if necessary, file the proper complaint with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case; 4. In time of national emergency, all elements of the BFP shall upon the direction of the President, assist the AFP in meeting the national emergency; and 5.Shall establish at least one (1) fire station with adequate personnel, fire fighting facilities and equipment in every provincial capital, city and municipality subject to the standard rules and regulations as may be promulgated by the DILG.

8. 19 MARCH 1996 160 persons killed 83 persons injured P 15M in damages

9. 12 JANUARY 2004 12,500 families left homeless 6,000 homes burned to the ground P40M in damages

10. 75 DEATHS 75 DEATHS Testimonial evidence of Ronilo Pacinos Y Ritual, hotel guest billeted at room 306 who noticed the fire at the ceiling of the stockroom at the 3rd floor. Overloading that led to heating of wiring and electrical short circuit. CAUSE OF FIRE: August 18, 2001 Damage was estimated to about 10Million pesos.

15. Always turn off the stove after cooking Never let the stove get red hot Don't keep or store any flammable substances in your kitchen Don’t leave the stove while cooking Keep your heat-producing appliances clean. Old food particles & greasy build-up can ignite

16. Never smoke in bed. Always have an ashtray available in your home. Crush your cigarette & cigar stubs thoroughly before discarding them. Do not throw cigar & cigarette butts into waste basket. Strictly obey “No Smoking” signs.

17.  Keep stove at least a foot distance from any surrounding combustible wall or sidings.  Make sure all gas connections are rigid and tight. Avoid rubber or flexible tubings.

19. C. Fire Behavior

21. Elements of Fire

22. Direct Heat Transfer. This is the transfer of heat from one body to another through direct flame contact. Fire Spreads in Three (3) Ways

23. Heat Transfer by Radiation. It is the act of radiating or the emission and propagation of radiant heat or energy. It involves the stages of emission, absorption and transmission of heat or energy. It involves the thermal process whereby atmospheric circulation is maintained through the upward or downward transfer of air masses of different temperature.

24. Heat Transfer by Convection. It is the diffusion of heat in liquid or gas form through the motion of its parts

25. Class A fires involve ordinary combustible materials, such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and many plastics. Classes of Fire

26. Class B fires involve flammable/combustible liquids, greases, and gases.

27. Class C fires involve energized electrical equipment.

28. Class D fires involve combustible metals, such as magnesium, titanium, zirconium, sodium, and potassium.

29. Classes of FIRE

31. THE FIRE EXTINGUISHMENT THEORY The principles of fire extinction consist of the elimination or removal of one or more of the four elements. These principles are: COOLING By using Water as it absorbs heat from the fire and cools the fuel to a temperature where it no longer produces flammable vapors. SMOTHERING By excluding the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere, the fire will be extinguished. STARVATION By removal of the fuel burning in the fire. Sometimes combustible material can be removed such as by shutting off gas valves or fuel flows. STOP CHAIN REACTION Stop or interrupt the chain reaction between the fuel, heat and oxygen the fire will be extinguished.

32. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy DISCHARGE HOSE DISCHARGE NOZZLE DISCHARGE ORIFICE BODY DATA PLATE CARRYING HANDLE PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO 2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL

33. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

34. Fire Extinguisher Use Sweep from side to side Aim low at the base of the FIRE Squeeze the Lever Pull the pin P A S S

35. Emergency numbers Evacuation plan Building’s fire Alarm Participate in seminars, fire and evacuation drills Stay calm Presence of Mind –(lots of it) Be familiar with fire extinguishers

36. REACTION TELLING OTHERS FIGHTING FIREESCAPE ASSISTING OTHERS IGNORE HEARINGSEEINGSMELLINGTOUCHING People’s Response to Fire

37. FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATION (Officers and Members) 1.OFFICERS a)Fire Marshal b)Deputy Fire Marshal c)Chief, Command Post/ Communication Station d)Evacuation Team Leader e)Fire Extinguishing Team Leader f)Rescue and Salvaged Team Leader g)Traffic Team Leader h)First-Aid/Medical Team Leader

38. Prepare and implement a fire safety plan

39. Organize a Fire Brigade and provide an Organizational Chart of Officers and Members

40. Provide equipment, tools, appliances and other materials needed by the fire brigade

41. Conduct fire exit/evacuation drills

42. Supervise and coordinate with the fire brigade personnel during emergency and fire drills.

43. Require brigade officers to submit report of activities undertaken during fire incidents & drills

44. Take-over the duties of the fire marshal during the latter’s absence or incapacity to perform duty Deputy Fire Marshal Assist the fire marshal in all activities of the fire brigade

45. Fire Extinguishing Team Leader

46. Select sufficient number of qualified male personnel for designation by the Fire Marshal

47. Organize, train and supervise the teams under his command

48. Supervise and coordinate the teams in the control & extinguishment of fires and during fire drills.

49. Be responsible for the availability & state of readiness of his team.

50. Take charge of the evacuation of occupants in his area of responsibility. Evacuation Team Leader

51. Rescue & Salvage Team Leader Assist the evacuation Team Captain in training the members Supervise their respective teams in rescue & salvage operations.

52. Supervise the traffic team in clearing the involved area for the easy access of arriving Fire Department apparatus Traffic Team Leader Assist the Command Post Chief in organizing & training the members of the team.

53. Medical Officer/First Aid Team Leader

54. Conduct first-aid treatment to injured persons.

55. Send victims/injured persons to the nearest hospitals if necessary.

56. Company Fire Safety Inspectors

57. Conduct periodic & formal inspection of each floor bldg. or area including facilities for exits

58. Conduct daily inspection of fire extinguishers.

59. Recommend periodic test of standpipe system, fire hose & sprinkler system if there is any.

60. Check garbage & refuse if they are dispose regularly

61. Check obstruction of corridors, aisles, hallways, passageways & fire escape doors, windows & balconies.

62. Check all exit signs.

63. Conduct daily visual inspection of fire alarms.

64. Conduct periodic inspection and maintainance of emergency lighting system.

65. Recommend corrections of all noted deficiencies

67. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF FIRE... - Stay CALM, Don’t PANIC. C - Call 117 or nearest Fire Station; A - Alert all Occupants/Sound the Alarm; L - Listen to instructions; M - Move or Evacuate the area.

68. Who you gonna Call? Who you gonna Call? 117Emergency Hotline 5273627Manila Fire District 5273653 PNP 711-6970 Emergency Medical Service

69. Type of Emergency Location / Landmarks Name Phone Number Used Other Data Asked By Operator *Be the last to hang up* Give the following details

70. “FIRE SAFETY IS OUR MAIN CONCERN”

71. MFD BFP-NCR District Headquarters, Manila References and Acknowledgement:  BFP Presentations and Lecture Compilations of the BFP Speakers Bureau;  R.A. 9514 New Fire Code of the Philippines 2008 and its Implementing Rules and Regulations;  BFP Manual and Fire related internet websites; FCIARAAFALLA2011