1. A Closer Look at Solutions

2. Review of Solutions  A mixture made of two or more pure substances  Also called a HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE  Particles slip in between each other in an even distribution through the entire mixture  Examples?

3. How are solutions formed?  Solutions are formed by dissolving one material in another material  What makes something dissolve?  Watch the following short movie clip about salt and water to get a better understanding  MOVIE IS FOUND AT THE FOLLOWING SITE: http://chemistry.beloit.edu/Water/moviepages/Comp3salt.htm http://chemistry.beloit.edu/Water/moviepages/Comp3salt.htm  http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/fla shfiles/thermochem/solutionSalt.html

4. What did the movie show us?  Water particles will attract a salt particle more strongly than other salt particles can attract a salt particle  Water particle will pull the salt away from the other salt particles  Motion of water particles carries salt away  Allows more water in to dissolve more salt  Eventually the salt and water particles will mix evenly in the solution

5. Some Definitions Terminology to use when talking about solutions

6. Solute  The substance in a solution that dissolves in a solvent  Example – Salt dissolves in water and therefore is called a SOLUTE  Other examples?

7. Solvent  The substance in a solution that does the dissolving of a solute  Example – water dissolves the salt in a solution of salt water and therefore is called the SOLVENT  Other examples?

8. The Importance of Water  Water is known as the “Universal Solvent” –Called this because it can dissolve many things –Water in your blood carries food molecules, vitamins and mineral to your cells –Plants need water to deliver nutrients and remove wastes

9. Soluble  The ability of a substance to be dissolved in another substance –Examples:  Salt water – salt is soluble in water  Humid air – water vapour is soluble in air  Vinegar – acetic acid is soluble in water  Insoluble – the inability of a substance to be dissolved in another substance –Examples:  Oil and Water – oil in insoluble in water

10. Concentration  Tells you the amount of solute dissolved in a specific amount of solvent  Examples –50 grams of salt dissolved in 100 mL of water  concentration = 50 g/100 mL –6 grams of sugar dissolved in 10 mL of water  Concentration = 60 g/100 mL

11. Concentration Continued  To compare the concentrations of two solutions, you need to know the amount of solute in the same volume of solvent for each solution  For our above two examples, we needed to change the sugar into an amount /100 mL to compare the concentrations  The sugar water is more concentrated than is the salt water in the examples –60 grams/100 mL vs. 50 grams/100 mL

12. Almost there…Two More Definitions  Concentrated Solutions –Large amount of solute in the solvent –Example – Can of concentrated Orange Juice  Dilute Solutions –Small amount of solute in the solvent –Example – Jug of Orange Juice made from the can of concentrated Orange Juice

13. Concentrated vs. Dilute Solutions

14.  Now, you will do a little bit of exploration of solutions and concentration on your own involving some grape drink and your text book  WON’T THAT BE A FUN EXPERIENCE?