1. Chemical Bonding

2. Chemical Bonds Compound are formed from chemically bound atoms or ions Bonding only involves the valence electrons

3. Chemical Bonds Defn – force holding two atoms together How are they formed? Atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons Why does bonding occur? Stability – achieve octet rule

4. Covalent Bonding

5. Covalent Bond Defn – two atoms share one pair of electrons ABA B Electrons shared

6. Covalent Bonds Where are these bonds found? - molecules (molecular compounds) - polyatomic ions

7. Covalent Bonding What’s going on? Molecule – formed when 2 or more atoms bond covalently Sharing of electrons

8. Covalent Bonding Properties Bond FormationElectrons are shared between two nonmetal atoms Type of StructureTrue molecules Physical StateLiquid or gas, brittle solids Melting PointLow Solubility in WaterUsually not Electrical ConductivityNo

9. Naming Covalent Compounds Prefix System (binary compounds) 1.Less e - neg atom comes first. 2.Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit mono- prefix on first element. 3.Change the ending of the second element to -ide.

10. PREFIX mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca- NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C. Molecular Nomenclature

11. zCCl 4 zN 2 O zSF 6 carbon tetrachloride dinitrogen monoxide sulfur hexafluoride Covalent Compound Names

12. zarsenic trichloride zdinitrogen pentoxide ztetraphosphorus decoxide AsCl 3 N2O5N2O5 P 4 O 10 Covalent Formulas