1. LIPIDS
Chapter 6

2. Typical Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
(methyl group) (carboxyl group)

3. Degrees of Saturation Saturated Unsaturated Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated

4. Saturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
All single bonds to hydrogen

5. Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
One double bond

6. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Structure
H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C--C--C--C=C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
> 2 double bonds

7. Essential Fatty Acid Omega-3 (alpha-linolenic acid)
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C=C--C--C =C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
1st double bond is located on
the 3rd carbon from the omega end

8. Essential Fatty Acid Omega-6 (alpha-linoleic acid)
H H H H H H H H H H H H H O
H-C--C--C--C-- C--C =C--C--C=C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C--C-OH
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H
omega end alpha end
1st double bond is located on the
6th carbon from the omega end

9. Triglycerides + (Ester bond) H O H--C--O--C-- O H H H--C--OH O HO-C-R
R + H2O +
R + H20
R + H20
(Ester bond)
Glycerol FA’s Triglyceride + 3 H20

10. Triglycerides + Fatty Acid esterification deesterfication H O H
H--C--O--C-- O H H
H--C--OH
Fatty Acid +
Fatty Acid
Fatty Acid
esterification
deesterfication

11. Functions of Triglycerides
Provide energy
Efficient storage of energy
Insulation
Protection
Transport fat-soluble vitamins
Satiety
Flavor and texture

12. Emulsification

13. Cholesterol Content in Food

14. Digestion of lipids

15. Absorption of lipids

16. Chylomicrons

17. Transport of Lipids

18. Transport of Lipids

19. Transport of Lipids

20. Atherosclerosis

21. Cis and Trans Fatty Acid

22. Hydrogenation Process

23. Trans Fatty Acids in Foods