1. Distance Education Technologies and Systems
mr.sci. Samra Mujačić
University Centre for Distance Education Development
University of Tuzla
It is my pleasure to have the opportunity to present you one of the newest application of ICTs: distance education.
Today I will talk about DET&S and present you the UCDED of the Uni Tz.

2. Distance education components
Content delivering
Text and graphic
Audio and video
Mentoring and communication
web learning environments
Interactivity
Animations and educational applications
The main DL components are content delivering, mentoring and communication, and in the recent years, interactivity.
Content form can vary from simply text and graphic to more demanded audio and video.
Mentoring and communication can be easy managed through web learning environments.
In the recent years, interactivity become more and more popular since it offers active student engagement in the process of distance education.

3. DL (e-learning) Technology
Our material is information
Our tool is ICT
Information and communication technology
electronic data and devices, too often related only to digital computers and computer-based electronic devices, but includes also traditional telecommunication and technology for media production and transmission
Our product is knowledge
ICTs play the significant role in the field of DE (e-learning).
From the lecturer aspect of view the following can be said: …
E-learning corresponds to use of ICT in education.
e-learning = use of ICT in education

4. IT in distance education: advantages and disadvantages
widely available
reusable
multimedia
decrease pressure on lecturer
better individual student engagement
globality
Disadvantages
demanded development and delivering process
equipment
negative social aspects
estrangement
socializations
inhumanity ...
healthy?
During the presentation, I will only concern IT in distance education.
Applying IT in DE brings some advantages and disadvantages:

5. DL technologies - categorization
According to time and place
According to knowledge representation
According to evolucional phase of educational content
DL technologies can be categorized according to:

6. Distance education models
Independent learning model
Distributed class
Technology supported learning model
As with all types of education, the various DE models are built around the central components of the instructional process.
The various DE models differ not only in the types of technologies that are used, but also in the locus of control over the pace and place of instruction.
The three DE models presented here do not represent all the possible approaches to DE. Rather, they represent two ends and the middle of a continuum of institution-control to student-control.

7. Basic technologies Text, graphic images, electronic presentations
Animation
Videoconferencing
Digital audio and video
Web learning environment

8. Text, graphic images and electronic presentations

9. Examples DOC and PPT files Microsoft PDF and PS files Adobe
platform dependent
Windows, MacOS
variable contents
redundancy
unprotected file
widely available authoring tools (Word, PowerPoint)
original document
PDF and PS files Adobe
platform independent
simply the viewers
non variable contents
compact
protected against file copying
less available authoring tools (Acrobat, LaTeX...)
Different text-based document are presented on this slide.

10. What about HTML? HTML is mainly presentation format! Disadvantages:
Basic standard offers only limited capabilities
Non compatibility
Problems with browsers (in the past)
Dealing with style, not with content!
HTML is a standard hypertext language for the Web and has several different versions.

11. Recently used alternative solution: XML
XML – Extended Markup Language
Significant advantages:
Content is separated from style
Self documented text
Disadvantage:
It is not well supported with authoring tools

12. Graphic images (2D pictures)
Vector-based graphic
Objects
mathematicaly defined
resolution independent
Appropriate for
technical schemes and projects
pictures with lot of text
high quality output files (print)
Pixel-based graphic
Objects
group of pixels
resolution dependent
Appropriate for
photos
screen view
lossy compression
There are two main types of graphic images presentation:

13. Electronic presentations
Sequence of static or animated pages
text elements
graphical elements
Usually autonomous and independent element of educational matter
Transformation into another presentation form
pdf, html (text/image)...
PowerPoint, Corel Presentations, StarImpress...

14. Animations

15. Animation types Simple animated pictures
animated GIF pictures
Interactive animation with no computing model
user can influence animation process
Interactive animation with computing model
complex animations
Space-based classification
2D – 3D
Technology-based classification
executed programs - exe
Different web technologies - Java, Flash

16. Videoconferencing

17. Videoconferencing One-to-one    One-to-many  Many-to-many 
Phone connection – ISDN
- cost
Internet connection – IP
- quality
TECHNOLOGY
One-to-one   
One-to-many 
Many-to-many 
Videoconferencing stands for interactive visual communication between people in different locations.
EDUCATION

18. Videoconferencing systems
Desktop systems
Software-based systems (WebCam)
Hardware-based systems
Mobile systems
Compact systems (integrated units)
VC rooms

19. Digital video
Applications

20. Video supported distance education Examples
Video on demand
delivering content
Videoconferencing
communication
A standard model of using video in education is video on demand.
By this we assume a video content that user can access any time he (or she) wants.
The second topic, that many people see first, when video in education is mentioned, is videoconferencing.
Videoconferencing can also be used to deliver content - usually this means on-line transmission of live lectures - although it is much more widely used as a communication tool.

21. Video on demand Video supported web lecture
Real-time video supported laboratory experiment
Let me know speak of our two demonstration examples, where each one of them can serve as a raw model (or a prototype) for a certain application and a certain profile of user.
UCDED was established early this year and one of our first goals was the development of such prototype projects.
The two listed here are:
- video supported multimedia education, which is the easiest and most straightforward way to bring a standard lecture to the Internet,
- Real-Time laboratory experiment (also called Teletraining) supported by video observation,