1. 1 st Yr

2.  Large periods of time divided into ages  Stone age, Bronze Age, Iron Age  Describe the new objects used by people  The stone age is divided into 3 periods  Early, Middle, New Stone Age

3.  Writing not clearly invented so…  Artefacts – weapons, houses, etc.  Archaeological sites

4.  Middle Stone Age  Used weapons made of stone  Flint – a lot of flint in North  No permanent homes so…  Info. From Midden  Remains found at Mount Sandel, North Ireland

5.  7000 BC (9000 years ago)  Moved from place to place  Ate berries and nuts  Hunted deer, wild boar  Fished

6.  7000 BC (9000 years ago)  Moved from place to place  Ate berries and nuts  Hunted deer, wild boar  Fished

7.  Cleared woods for land  Planted barley and wheat  Raised domestic animals  Regular supply of food  So had to settle in permanent homes

8.  Round or rectangular – wooden  Post-holes – for frame  Branches weaved in – for wall  Mud plastered on  Called wattle and daub  Thatched roof over

9.  Archaeological remains tell us this  Lough Gur in Limerick  Ceide Fields in Mayo – Farms  Covered over by bog  Provided primary sources

10.  Woolen clothes from sheep  Began to spin and weave  Dye from berries  Fashionable  Wore bone necklaces

11.  First made during Neolithic Period  Made from clay  Used for cooking and storing food

12.  Ate the animals they raised  Still hunted  Made porridge from the crops  Rotary querns – round stones rubbed off each other  Ground the grain for porridge

13.  Believed in after-life  Objects found buried with people  Megalithic tombs  3 types

14.  2 areas – court = open area  Used for religious ceremony and cremations  Cairn = the chamber  Covered with stones and slabs  Remains put in there with other objects

15.  Resemble huge stone tables  Aka Portal Tombs  2 standing stones = portals  Capstone on top  Cremated remains underneath

16.  Like huge court cairns  A passage leads to a chamber  Walls of slabs  Mound of earth on top  Most famous – Newgrange, Knowth, Dowth

18.  Oldest building in Europe – 4500 years old  Older than Stonehenge or the pyramids  Excavated in 1960’s

19.  Very advanced  Overlapping slabs going closer and closer together for roof  No rain has gotten through

20.  Beautiful spirals carved on the stones  Famous one on the entrance stone  Why?  Enjoyment of the dead inside?

21.  Hole over entrance  Winter solstice  Light floods the chamber  Very carefully planned  Knowledgeable…  about astronomy

22.  Remains a mystery  So few bodies  Perhaps only for Kings?  Perhaps a temple in honour of sun god?  The cremated bones a sacrifice?  Perhaps an ancient calendar?  Telling farmers shortest day of the year

23.  First farmers  First Pottery  Dyed clothes  Wattle and daub  Lough Gur and Ceide Fields  Believed in after-life  Portal dolmens  Passage tombs