1. LOOKING Inside CellS

2. How Do the Parts of a Cell Work?
The parts of a cell work together.
Each kind of cell structure has a different function within a cell.

3. Cell Wall
A rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
Protects and supports the cell

4. Cell Membrane (The Gatekeeper)
Controls which substances pass into and out of a cell (food particles, water, and oxygen)
Prevents harmful materials from entering the cell

5. Cytoplasm A thick, clear, gel-like fluid
Moves constantly within the cell
Organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm

6. Organelles in the Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Apparatus (Golgi Bodies)
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts
Lysosomes

7. Nucleus Acts as the control center of the cell
Contains information for directing a cell’s functions (chromatin - DNA)
Makes ribosomes which produce proteins (nucleolus)

8. Mitochondria The “power house” of the cell
Converts energy stored in food to energy the cell can use to live and function (cellular respiration)

9. Endoplasmic Reticulum
Network of membranes
Produces many substances
Helps attached ribosomes make proteins

10. Ribosomes
Small grain-shaped
Made in the nucleolus
Produce proteins

11. Golgi Apparatus (The Warehouse)
Receives proteins and other newly made substances from the ER
Packages the materials
Distributes the materials to the parts of the cell

12. Vacuole Stores water, food, and other materials needed by the cell
Plants have a larger vacuole because they store more water.

13. Chloroplasts
Captures energy from the sun and changes it into energy the cell can use to make food (photosynthesis)
Found in plant cells and some protists like algae

14. Lysosomes
Contains substances that break down large food particles (enzymes)
Breaks down old cell parts and recycles them

15. How Do Cells Work Together in an Organism?
Multicellular organisms have cells that work together to perform specific functions.

16. Specialized Cells
Perform specific functions that benefit the entire organism
One type of cell does one kind of job, while other types of cells do other jobs

17. Cells Working Together
Cells are organized into tissues, organs, and organ systems